父亲的病 Father's Illness
父亲的病Father's Illness
大約十多年前罷,S城[1]中曾經盛傳過一個名醫的故事:他出診原來是一元四角,「特拔」[2]十元,深夜加倍,出城又加倍。It was probably a bit more than ten years ago that a story about a famous doctor was widely told in S City: his house-call fee was originally one yuan four jiao, but for a "special summons" it was ten yuan, doubled for a late-night call, and doubled again for calls outside the city.有一夜,一家城外人家的閨女生急病,來請他了,因為他,其時,已經闊得不耐煩,便非一百元不去。One night, a girl from a family outside the city fell suddenly ill, and they came to fetch him; but since by that time he had become so grand as to be insufferable, he would not go unless paid a hundred yuan.他們只得都依他。They had no choice but to agree to all his terms.待去時,卻只是草草地一看,說道:「不要緊的。」開一張方,拿了一百元就走。When he finally went, he merely gave the patient a cursory glance and said, "It's nothing serious." He wrote out a prescription, took his hundred yuan, and left.那病家似乎很有錢,第二天又來請了。That family seemed to be quite wealthy, for the next day they came to fetch him again.他一到門,只見主人笑面承迎道:「昨晚服了先生的藥,好得多了,所以再請你來複診一回。」仍舊引到房裏,老媽子便將病人的手拉出帳外來。The moment he arrived at the door, the master of the house greeted him with a smiling face, saying, "After taking your medicine last night, she's much better, so we've asked you to come again for a follow-up examination." He was led into the room as before, and the old maidservant drew the patient's hand out from behind the bed-curtain.他一按,冷冰冰的,也沒有脈,於是點點頭道,「唔,這病我明白了。」從從容容走到桌前,取了藥方紙,提筆寫道:「憑票付英洋[3]壹百元正。」下面是署名,畫押。He pressed it once—it was ice-cold, and there was no pulse at all—whereupon he nodded and said, "Hm, I understand this illness now." Unhurriedly he walked to the table, took a prescription sheet, and wrote with his brush: "Pay to bearer, one hundred silver dollars exactly." Below it he signed his name and affixed his mark.
大约十多年前罢,S城[1]中曾经盛传过一个名医的故事:他出诊原来是一元四角,「特拔」[2]十元,深夜加倍,出城又加倍。有一夜,一家城外人家的闺女生急病,来请他了,因为他,其时,已经阔得不耐烦,便非一百元不去。他们只得都依他。待去时,却只是草草地一看,说道:「不要紧的。」开一张方,拿了一百元就走。那病家似乎很有钱,第二天又来请了。他一到门,只见主人笑面承迎道:「昨晚服了先生的药,好得多了,所以再请你来复诊一回。」仍旧引到房里,老妈子便将病人的手拉出帐外来。他一按,冷冰冰的,也没有脉,于是点点头道,「唔,这病我明白了。」从从容容走到桌前,取了药方纸,提笔写道:「凭票付英洋[3]壹百元正。」下面是署名,画押。
「先生,這病看來很不輕了,用藥怕還得重一點罷。」主人在背後說。"Sir, the illness looks quite serious—perhaps the medicine ought to be stronger," the master of the house said from behind him.
「先生,这病看来很不轻了,用药怕还得重一点罢。」主人在背后说。
「可以。」他說,於是另開了一張方:「憑票付英洋貳百元正。」下面仍是署名,畫押。"Very well," he said, and thereupon wrote out another sheet: "Pay to bearer, two hundred silver dollars exactly." Below it, again, his signature and mark.
「可以。」他说,于是另开了一张方:「凭票付英洋贰百元正。」下面仍是署名,画押。
這樣,主人就收了藥方,很客氣地送他出來了。With that, the master took the prescription and, most politely, saw him out.
这样,主人就收了药方,很客气地送他出来了。
我曾經和這名醫周旋過兩整年,因為他隔日一回,來診我的父親的病。I myself once had dealings with this famous doctor for two full years, for he came every other day to treat my father's illness.那時雖然已經很有名,但還不至於闊得這樣不耐煩;At that time he was already quite famous, but not yet so grand as to be that insufferable;可是診金卻已經是一元四角。even so, his consultation fee was already one yuan four jiao.現在的都市上,診金一次十元並不算奇,可是那時是一元四角已是巨款,很不容易張羅的了;In the cities nowadays, a consultation fee of ten yuan a visit is nothing remarkable, but in those days one yuan four jiao was already a huge sum, not at all easy to scrape together;又何況是隔日一次。and how much more so when it was needed every other day.他大概的確有些特別,據輿論說,用藥就與眾不同。He must indeed have had something special about him, for according to popular opinion, the medicines he prescribed were quite unlike anyone else's.我不知道藥品,所覺得的,就是「藥引」的難得,新方一換,就得忙一大場。I knew nothing of medicines; what struck me was simply how hard the "medicinal guide" was to obtain—every time the prescription changed, it meant a great flurry of activity.先買藥,再尋藥引。「生薑」兩片,竹葉十片去尖,他是不用的了。First one bought the medicine, then went to seek out the guide-ingredient. Things like two slices of fresh ginger, or ten bamboo leaves with the tips removed—those he never used.起碼是蘆根,須到河邊去掘;At the very least it would be reed roots, which had to be dug up by the riverside;一到經霜三年的甘蔗,便至少也得搜尋兩三天。and when it came to sugarcane that had weathered three years of frost, it would take at least two or three days of searching.可是說也奇怪,大約後來總沒有購求不到的。Yet, strange to say, in the end there was apparently never anything that could not be procured.據輿論說,神妙就在這地方。According to popular opinion, the marvel of it lay precisely in this.先前有一個病人,百藥無效;Once, there was a patient for whom a hundred medicines had proved useless;待到遇見了甚麼葉天士先生,只在舊方上加了一味藥引:梧桐葉。but when he happened to meet a certain Mr. Ye Tianshi, all that was done was to add one guide-ingredient to the old prescription: a phoenix-tree leaf.只一服,便霍然而癒了。「醫者,意也。」其時是秋天,而梧桐先知秋氣。With just one dose, he recovered completely. "Medicine is a matter of intent." It was autumn at the time, and the phoenix tree is the first to sense the autumn air.其先百藥不投,今以秋氣動之,以氣感氣,所以……。Previously the hundred medicines had not taken effect; now, stirred by the autumn air, ether was moved by ether, and so...我雖然並不瞭然,但也十分佩服,知道凡有靈藥,一定是很不容易得到的,求仙的人,甚至於還要拼了性命,跑進深山裏去採呢。Although I did not really understand it, I was greatly impressed all the same, knowing that any efficacious medicine must surely be very hard to obtain—those who seek immortality, after all, will even risk their lives, rushing deep into the mountains to gather herbs.
我曾经和这名医周旋过两整年,因为他隔日一回,来诊我的父亲的病。那时虽然已经很有名,但还不至于阔得这样不耐烦;可是诊金却已经是一元四角。现在的都市上,诊金一次十元并不算奇,可是那时是一元四角已是巨款,很不容易张罗的了;又何况是隔日一次。他大概的确有些特别,据舆论说,用药就与众不同。我不知道药品,所觉得的,就是「药引」的难得,新方一换,就得忙一大场。先买药,再寻药引。「生姜」两片,竹叶十片去尖,他是不用的了。起码是芦根,须到河边去掘;一到经霜三年的甘蔗,便至少也得搜寻两三天。可是说也奇怪,大约后来总没有购求不到的。据舆论说,神妙就在这地方。先前有一个病人,百药无效;待到遇见了甚么叶天士先生,只在旧方上加了一味药引:梧桐叶。只一服,便霍然而愈了。「医者,意也。」其时是秋天,而梧桐先知秋气。其先百药不投,今以秋气动之,以气感气,所以……。我虽然并不瞭然,但也十分佩服,知道凡有灵药,一定是很不容易得到的,求仙的人,甚至于还要拼了性命,跑进深山里去采呢。
這樣有兩年,漸漸地熟識,幾乎是朋友了。This went on for two years, during which we gradually became well acquainted, almost friends.父親的水腫是逐日厲害,將要不能起床;Father's dropsy grew worse day by day, until he was nearly unable to rise from bed;我對於經霜三年的甘蔗之流也逐漸失了信仰,採辦藥引似乎再沒有先前一般踴躍了。and I too gradually lost my faith in things like sugarcane weathered by three years of frost—procuring the guide-ingredients no longer seemed to be done with the same eagerness as before.正在這時候,他有一天來診,問過病狀,便極其誠懇地說:「我所有的學問,都用盡了。It was just at this time that one day, after coming to examine my father and asking about his symptoms, he said with the utmost sincerity: "All the learning I possess has been exhausted."這裏還有一位陳蓮河[4]先生,本領比我高。"There is here a certain Mr. Chen Lianhe, whose skill surpasses mine."我薦他來看一看,我可以寫一封信。"I will recommend him to come and take a look; I can write him a letter."可是,病是不要緊的,不過經他的手,可以格外好得快……。」這一天似乎大家都有些不歡,仍然由我恭敬地送他上轎。"But the illness is nothing serious—it's just that under his hand it may get better all the faster..." That day everyone seemed somewhat downcast, but I still respectfully saw him to his sedan chair as usual.進來時,看見父親的臉色很異樣,和大家談論,大意是說自己的病大概沒有希望的了;When I came back in, I saw that Father's face looked very strange; he was talking with everyone, the gist of it being that his illness probably held out no hope;他因為看了兩年,毫無效驗,臉又太熟了,未免有些難以為情,所以等到危急時候,便薦一個生手自代,和自己完全脫了干係。the doctor, having treated him for two years without the slightest effect, and being on such familiar terms besides, could not help feeling somewhat awkward, and so, once the crisis came, he recommended a newcomer to take his place, thereby washing his hands of the matter entirely.但另外有甚麼法子呢?But what else could be done?本城的名醫,除他之外,實在也只有一個陳蓮河了。Among the famous doctors of this city, besides him, there really was only this one Chen Lianhe.明天就請陳蓮河。So the next day we sent for Chen Lianhe.
这样有两年,渐渐地熟识,几乎是朋友了。父亲的水肿是逐日厉害,将要不能起床;我对于经霜三年的甘蔗之流也逐渐失了信仰,采办药引似乎再没有先前一般踊跃了。正在这时候,他有一天来诊,问过病状,便极其诚恳地说:「我所有的学问,都用尽了。这里还有一位陈莲河[4]先生,本领比我高。我荐他来看一看,我可以写一封信。可是,病是不要紧的,不过经他的手,可以格外好得快……。」这一天似乎大家都有些不欢,仍然由我恭敬地送他上轿。进来时,看见父亲的脸色很异样,和大家谈论,大意是说自己的病大概没有希望的了;他因为看了两年,毫无效验,脸又太熟了,未免有些难以为情,所以等到危急时候,便荐一个生手自代,和自己完全脱了干系。但另外有甚么法子呢?本城的名医,除他之外,实在也只有一个陈莲河了。明天就请陈莲河。
陳蓮河的診金也是一元四角。Chen Lianhe's consultation fee was likewise one yuan four jiao.但前回的名醫的臉是圓而胖的,他卻長而胖了:這一點頗不同。But whereas the former famous doctor's face had been round and fat, his was long and fat: in this one respect they were quite different.還有用藥也不同。Their use of medicine also differed.前回的名醫是一個人還可以辦的,這一回卻是一個人有些辦不妥帖了,因為他一張藥方上,總兼有一種特別的丸散和一種奇特的藥引。The former famous doctor's prescriptions a single person could manage well enough, but this time one person alone could hardly see to everything properly, because every one of his prescriptions invariably included some special pill or powder together with some peculiar guide-ingredient.蘆根和經霜三年的甘蔗,他就從來沒有用過。Reed roots and sugarcane weathered by three years of frost he never once used.最平常的是「蟋蟀一對」,旁註小字道:「要原配,即本在一窠中者。」似乎昆蟲也要貞節,續弦或再醮,連做藥資格也喪失了。The most ordinary was "a pair of crickets," with a small note at the side reading: "Must be original mates, that is, ones originally from the same nest." It seemed that even insects were required to be chaste—should they remarry or take a second spouse, they would lose even their qualification to serve as medicine.但這差使在我並不為難,走進百草園,十對也容易得,將它們用線一縛,活活地擲入沸湯中完事。But this errand gave me no trouble at all; I had only to walk into the Hundred-Plant Garden, and even ten pairs were easy to catch—tie them up with thread and toss them alive into boiling water, and the matter was done.然而還有「平地木十株」呢,這可誰也不知道是甚麼東西了,問藥店,問鄉下人,問賣草藥的,問老年人,問讀書人,問木匠,都只是搖搖頭,臨末才記起了那遠房的叔祖,愛種一點花木的老人,跑去一問,他果然知道,是生在山中樹下的一種小樹,能結紅子如小珊瑚珠的,普通都稱為「老弗大」。「踏破鐵鞋無覓處,得來全不費功夫。」藥引尋到了,然而還有一種特別的丸藥:敗鼓皮丸。But then there was also "ten stalks of pingdimu," and this, it turned out, no one knew what it was at all—I asked the pharmacy, asked the country folk, asked the herb-sellers, asked old people, asked scholars, asked carpenters, and they all merely shook their heads; at last I remembered that distant great-uncle of mine, the old man fond of growing flowers and trees, and went to ask him, and sure enough he knew: it was a small tree growing under trees in the mountains, bearing red berries like tiny coral beads, commonly called "Laofuda." "I wore through iron shoes searching and found it nowhere, yet got it without the least effort." The guide-ingredient had been found; but there was still one special kind of pill: the Broken-Drumskin Pill.這「敗鼓皮丸」就是用打破的舊鼓皮做成;This "Broken-Drumskin Pill" was made precisely from the skin of an old broken drum;水腫一名鼓脹,一用打破的鼓皮自然就可以克伏他。dropsy is also called "drum-swelling," so naturally, using the skin of a broken drum could subdue it.清朝的剛毅因為憎恨「洋鬼子」,預備打他們,練了些兵稱作「虎神營」[5],取虎能食羊,神能伏鬼的意思,也就是這道理。During the Qing dynasty, Gangyi, out of hatred for the "foreign devils," prepared to fight them and trained some troops called the "Tiger-Spirit Battalion," taking the meaning that tigers can devour sheep (yang, a homophone for "foreign") and spirits can subdue devils—it is the very same principle.可惜這一種神藥,全城中只有一家出售的,離我家就有五里,但這卻不像平地木那樣,必須暗中摸索了,陳蓮河先生開方之後,就懇切詳細地給我們說明。Unfortunately, this miraculous medicine was sold at only one shop in the whole city, a good five li from my home; but unlike the pingdimu, this did not have to be groped for in the dark, for after writing the prescription, Mr. Chen Lianhe explained it to us earnestly and in detail.
陈莲河的诊金也是一元四角。但前回的名医的脸是圆而胖的,他却长而胖了:这一点颇不同。还有用药也不同。前回的名医是一个人还可以办的,这一回却是一个人有些办不妥帖了,因为他一张药方上,总兼有一种特别的丸散和一种奇特的药引。芦根和经霜三年的甘蔗,他就从来没有用过。最平常的是「蟋蟀一对」,旁注小字道:「要原配,即本在一窠中者。」似乎昆虫也要贞节,续弦或再醮,连做药资格也丧失了。但这差使在我并不为难,走进百草园,十对也容易得,将它们用线一缚,活活地掷入沸汤中完事。然而还有「平地木十株」呢,这可谁也不知道是甚么东西了,问药店,问乡下人,问卖草药的,问老年人,问读书人,问木匠,都只是摇摇头,临末才记起了那远房的叔祖,爱种一点花木的老人,跑去一问,他果然知道,是生在山中树下的一种小树,能结红子如小珊瑚珠的,普通都称为「老弗大」。「踏破铁鞋无觅处,得来全不费功夫。」药引寻到了,然而还有一种特别的丸药:败鼓皮丸。这「败鼓皮丸」就是用打破的旧鼓皮做成;水肿一名鼓胀,一用打破的鼓皮自然就可以克伏他。清朝的刚毅因为憎恨「洋鬼子」,预备打他们,练了些兵称作「虎神营」[5],取虎能食羊,神能伏鬼的意思,也就是这道理。可惜这一种神药,全城中只有一家出售的,离我家就有五里,但这却不像平地木那样,必须暗中摸索了,陈莲河先生开方之后,就恳切详细地给我们说明。
「我有一種丹,」有一回陳蓮河先生說,「點在舌上,我想一定可以見效。"I have a certain elixir," Mr. Chen Lianhe said on one occasion, "which, dabbed upon the tongue, I believe will certainly prove effective."因為舌乃心之靈苗……。"For the tongue is the sprouting bud of the heart's spirit..."價錢也並不貴,只要兩塊錢一盒……。」我父親沉思了一會,搖搖頭。"And the price is not at all dear—only two dollars a box..." My father pondered for a while, then shook his head.
「我有一种丹,」有一回陈莲河先生说,「点在舌上,我想一定可以见效。因为舌乃心之灵苗……。价钱也并不贵,只要两块钱一盒……。」我父亲沉思了一会,摇摇头。
「我這樣用藥還會不大見效,」有一回陳蓮河先生又說,「我想,可以請人看一看,可有甚麼冤愆[6]……。"That my medicines should still prove not very effective," Mr. Chen Lianhe said again on another occasion, "makes me think one might ask someone to look into whether there is some wrong committed in a past life..."醫能醫病,不能醫命,對不對?"A doctor can cure illness, but cannot cure fate—isn't that so?"自然這也許是前世的事……。」我的父親沉思了一會,搖搖頭。"Of course, this may well be a matter from a former life..." My father pondered for a while, then shook his head.
「我这样用药还会不大见效,」有一回陈莲河先生又说,「我想,可以请人看一看,可有甚么冤愆[6]……。医能医病,不能医命,对不对?自然这也许是前世的事……。」我的父亲沉思了一会,摇摇头。
凡國手,都能夠起死回生的,我們走過醫生的門前,常可以看見這樣的匾額。Any master physician, it is said, can bring the dead back to life; as we passed by doctors' doorways we often saw plaques inscribed with just such words.現在是讓步一點了,連醫生自己也說道:「西醫長於外科,中醫長於內科。」但是S城那時不但沒有西醫,並且誰也還沒有想到天下有所謂西醫,因此無論甚麼,都只能由軒轅、岐伯[7]的嫡派門徒包辦。Nowadays there has been some concession on this point, and even doctors themselves say: "Western medicine excels in surgery, Chinese medicine excels in internal medicine." But in S City at that time there was not only no Western medicine, nobody had even thought that such a thing as Western medicine existed in the world; hence, no matter what the ailment, everything had to be handled entirely by the direct disciples of Xuanyuan and Qibo.軒轅時候是巫醫不分的,所以直到現在,他的門徒就還見鬼,而且覺得「舌乃心之靈苗」。In Xuanyuan's time, shaman and physician were not distinguished, and so even now his disciples still see ghosts, and still believe that "the tongue is the sprouting bud of the heart's spirit."這就是中國人的「命」,連名醫也無從醫治的。This is precisely the Chinese notion of "fate," which even a famous doctor has no way of curing.不肯用靈丹點在舌頭上,又想不出「冤愆」來,自然,單吃了一百多天的「敗鼓皮丸」有甚麼用呢?He would not consent to have the miraculous elixir dabbed on his tongue, nor could he think of any "wrong from a past life"; naturally, then, what good could merely taking the "Broken-Drumskin Pill" for over a hundred days possibly do?依然打不破水腫,父親終於躺在床上喘氣了。It still failed to break through the dropsy, and Father at last lay in bed, gasping for breath.還請一回陳蓮河先生,這回是特拔,大洋十元。We sent for Mr. Chen Lianhe once more; this time it was a "special summons," at ten silver dollars.他仍舊泰然的開了一張方,但已停止敗鼓皮丸不用,藥引也不很神妙了,所以只消半天,藥就煎好,灌下去,卻從口角上回了出來。He calmly wrote out a prescription as before, but he had stopped using the Broken-Drumskin Pill, and the guide-ingredient was no longer so marvelous either; so within half a day the medicine was brewed, and when it was poured in, it merely trickled back out from the corner of his mouth.從此我便不再和陳蓮河先生周旋,只在街上有時看見他坐在三名轎夫的快轎裏飛一般擡過;From then on I had no more dealings with Mr. Chen Lianhe; I only sometimes saw him in the street, being carried past as if flying in a fast sedan chair borne by three chair-bearers;聽說他現在還康健,一面行醫,一面還做了中醫甚麼學報,正在和「只長於外科的西醫」奮鬥哩。I hear he is still hale and hearty even now, practicing medicine on the one hand and putting out some journal of Chinese medicine on the other, presently doing battle with "Western medicine, which excels only in surgery."
凡国手,都能够起死回生的,我们走过医生的门前,常可以看见这样的匾额。现在是让步一点了,连医生自己也说道:「西医长于外科,中医长于内科。」但是S城那时不但没有西医,并且谁也还没有想到天下有所谓西医,因此无论甚么,都只能由轩辕、岐伯[7]的嫡派门徒包办。轩辕时候是巫医不分的,所以直到现在,他的门徒就还见鬼,而且觉得「舌乃心之灵苗」。这就是中国人的「命」,连名医也无从医治的。不肯用灵丹点在舌头上,又想不出「冤愆」来,自然,单吃了一百多天的「败鼓皮丸」有甚么用呢?依然打不破水肿,父亲终于躺在床上喘气了。还请一回陈莲河先生,这回是特拔,大洋十元。他仍旧泰然的开了一张方,但已停止败鼓皮丸不用,药引也不很神妙了,所以只消半天,药就煎好,灌下去,却从口角上回了出来。从此我便不再和陈莲河先生周旋,只在街上有时看见他坐在三名轿夫的快轿里飞一般抬过;听说他现在还康健,一面行医,一面还做了中医甚么学报,正在和「只长于外科的西医」奋斗哩。
中西的思想確乎有一點不同。Chinese and Western ways of thinking are indeed somewhat different in this respect.聽說中國的孝子們,一到將要「罪孽深重,禍延父母」[8]的時候,就買幾斤人參,煎湯灌下去,希望父母多喘幾天氣,即使半天也好。I have heard that when Chinese filial sons reach the point where "their sins run so deep as to bring disaster upon their parents," they buy several catties of ginseng, brew it into a broth, and pour it down, hoping their parents might draw breath a few days longer—even half a day would do.我的一位教醫學的先生,卻教給我醫生的職務,道:「可醫的,應該給他醫治;But one of my teachers of medicine taught me the duty of a physician thus: "Those who can be cured should be treated;"不可醫的,應該給他死得沒有痛苦。」——但這先生自然是西醫。"those who cannot be cured should be allowed to die without suffering." —But this teacher, of course, was a Western-trained doctor.父親的喘氣頗長久,連我也聽得很吃力,然而誰也不能幫助他。Father's gasping went on for a long time, so long that even I found it hard to bear listening to, yet no one could help him.我有時竟至於電光一閃似的想道:「還是快一點喘完了罷……。」立刻覺得這思想就不該,就是犯了罪;At times a thought would flash through my mind like a bolt of lightning: "Better that it were over quickly..." and at once I felt this thought was wrong, that it was in fact a sin;但同時又覺得這思想實在是正當的,我很愛我的父親。but at the same time I also felt that this thought was in truth quite justified—I loved my father dearly.便是現在,也還是這樣想。Even now, I still think the same.
中西的思想确乎有一点不同。听说中国的孝子们,一到将要「罪孽深重,祸延父母」[8]的时候,就买几斤人参,煎汤灌下去,希望父母多喘几天气,即使半天也好。我的一位教医学的先生,却教给我医生的职务,道:「可医的,应该给他医治;不可医的,应该给他死得没有痛苦。」——但这先生自然是西医。父亲的喘气颇长久,连我也听得很吃力,然而谁也不能帮助他。我有时竟至于电光一闪似的想道:「还是快一点喘完了罢……。」立刻觉得这思想就不该,就是犯了罪;但同时又觉得这思想实在是正当的,我很爱我的父亲。便是现在,也还是这样想。
早晨,住在一門裏的衍太太[9]進來了。In the morning, Mrs. Yan, who lived within the same gate, came in.她是一個精通禮節的婦人,說我們不應該空等著。She was a woman thoroughly versed in the proper forms, and said we ought not simply wait idly.於是給他換衣服;So she had him changed into fresh clothes;又將紙錠和一種甚麼《高王經》[10]燒成灰,用紙包了給他捏在拳頭裏……。and then burned some paper ingots and a certain Gaowang Sutra to ashes, wrapped them in paper, and placed them in his clenched fist...
早晨,住在一门里的衍太太[9]进来了。她是一个精通礼节的妇人,说我们不应该空等著。于是给他换衣服;又将纸锭和一种甚么《高王经》[10]烧成灰,用纸包了给他捏在拳头里……。
「叫呀,你父親要斷氣了。"Call to him! Your father is about to breathe his last."快叫呀!」衍太太說。"Quick, call to him!" said Mrs. Yan.
「叫呀,你父亲要断气了。快叫呀!」衍太太说。
「父親!"Father!"父親!」我就叫起來。"Father!" I began to call.
「父亲!父亲!」我就叫起来。
「大聲!"Louder!"他聽不見。"He can't hear you."還不快叫?!」"Why don't you hurry up and call?!"
「大声!他听不见。还不快叫?!」
「父親!!!"Father!!!"父親!!!」"Father!!!"
「父亲!!!父亲!!!」
他已經平靜下去的臉,忽然緊張了,將眼微微一睜,彷彿有一些苦痛。His face, which had already grown calm, suddenly tensed, and his eyes opened slightly, as though in some pain.
他已经平静下去的脸,忽然紧张了,将眼微微一睁,彷佛有一些苦痛。
「叫呀!"Call to him!"快叫呀!」她催促說。"Quick, call to him!" she urged.
「叫呀!快叫呀!」她催促说。
「父親!!!」"Father!!!"
「父亲!!!」
「甚麼呢?……"What is it?..."不要嚷。……"Don't shout so..."不……。」他低低地說,又較急地喘著氣,好一會,這才復了原狀,平靜下去了。"No..." he said in a low voice, and then breathed more hurriedly for quite a while, before at last returning to his former state and growing calm again.
「甚么呢?……不要嚷。……不……。」他低低地说,又较急地喘著气,好一会,这才复了原状,平静下去了。
「父親!!!」我還叫他,一直到他咽了氣。"Father!!!" I went on calling him, all the way until he breathed his last.
「父亲!!!」我还叫他,一直到他咽了气。
我現在還聽到那時的自己的這聲音,每聽到時,就覺得這卻是我對於父親的最大的錯處。Even now I can still hear my own voice from that time, and whenever I hear it, I feel that this was in fact the greatest wrong I ever did my father.
我现在还听到那时的自己的这声音,每听到时,就觉得这却是我对于父亲的最大的错处。
十月七日。October 7th.
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What it’s about
The essay that explains why Lu Xun went to medical school, and it is mostly a portrait of two doctors. The first, a celebrated physician whose call-out fee was one dollar forty and who would not leave the city at night for less than a hundred, attended his father for two years and then handed the case on to a colleague. The second, 陳蓮河, prescribed by way of his own peculiar drug vehicles: a pair of crickets, with a note beside them specifying the original pair from one burrow, since apparently insects must be chaste too; ten stalks of a shrub nobody could identify; and pills made from the skin of a burst drum, on the reasoning that dropsy is also called drum-swelling and a broken drum will therefore beat it.
The boy fetches all of it, between the pawnshop counter and the herbalist, and his father goes on swelling and dies anyway. What the essay is building towards is its last page. 衍太太, a neighbour who knew what was proper, tells him he must not simply stand there — call him, call him quickly, your father is going. So he calls, and calls again, and the dying man, who had gone quiet, opens his eyes with something like pain in them and says low, do not shout. He goes on calling until his father stops breathing. Lu Xun writes that he can still hear his own voice doing it, and that every time he hears it he thinks it the greatest wrong he ever did his father.
When it was written 背景
Written 7 October 1926 in Xiamen and serialised in 莽原 in November. It is the pawnshop-and-herbalist passage of 吶喊's preface told at length and with names, and the essay that connects the memoir most directly to the fiction: the quack with his impossible prescriptions is one of Lu Xun's permanent subjects, and 明天 in 吶喊 is the same complaint written as a story. For a learner the prescriptions bring a hard clutch of medical and herbal vocabulary, but the closing scene is dialogue and short sentences, and it is worth pushing through the drug names to reach it.
Words in this chapter 生词
- 診zhěn診zhěn — to examine or treat medically
- 蔗zhè蔗zhè — sugar cane
- 元yuánHSK 1元yuán — currency unit (esp. Chinese yuan) · (bound form) first; original; primary · (bound form) basic; fundamental · (bound form) constituent; part · (prefix) meta- · (math.) argument; variable · era (of a reign) · (Tw) (geology) eon (HSK 1)
- 丸wánHSK 7-9丸wán — ball · pellet · pill (HSK 7-9)
- 愆qiān愆qiān — fault · transgression
- 署shǔ署shǔ — office · bureau · (Taiwan pr. (shù)) to sign · to arrange
- 醫yī醫yī — medical · medicine · doctor · to cure · to treat
- 藥yàoHSK 2藥yào — medicine · drug · substance used for a specific purpose (e.g. poisoning, explosion, fermenting) · classifier: 種 (zhǒng), 服 (fù), 味 (wèi) · to poison (HSK 2)
- 亲qīnHSK 3亲qīn — parent · one's own (flesh and blood) · relative · related · marriage · bride · close · intimate · in person · first-hand · in favor of · pro- · to kiss · (Internet slang) dear (HSK 3)
- 壹yī壹yī — one (banker's anti-fraud numeral)
- 岐Qí岐Qí — surname Qi · also used in place names
- 癒yù癒yù — variant of 愈 (yù) · to heal
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from 空山靈雨 弁言Foreword