一 麥場 The Wheat Field

A goat was gnawing at the base of an elm tree by the roadside.

一只山羊在大道边啮嚼榆树的根端。

Outside the city, a long road lay hidden beneath the shade of elm trees.Walking along the road felt like walking into a great swaying umbrella that blotted out the sky.

城外一条长长的大道,被榆树荫蒙蔽著。走在大道中,像是走进一个动荡遮天的大伞。

The goat chewed at the elm bark, sticky foam dripping down from its beard.彿This foam, blown up by the wind, looked like soap bubbles, or like thick, floating threads of silk;滿the foam hung all over the goat's legs.The elm had clearly grown sores; it bore such enormous scars.……The goat, however, slept in the shade, its belly like a white sack rising and falling...

山羊嘴嚼榆树皮,黏沫从山羊的胡子流延著。被刮起的这些黏沫,彷佛是胰子的泡沫,又像粗重浮游著的丝条;黏沫挂满羊腿。榆树显然是生了疮疖,榆树带著偌大的疤痕。山羊却睡在荫中,白囊一样的肚皮起起落落……

In the vegetable field a child wandered slowly to and fro.Beneath the straw hat that covered him, he looked like some large kind of mushroom.Was he catching butterflies?Was he catching grasshoppers?The child was there beneath the noon sun.

菜田里一个小孩慢慢地踱走。在草帽的盖伏下,像是一颗大形的菌类。捕蝴蝶吗?抓蚱虫吗?小孩在正午的太阳下。

Before long, a limping farmer also appeared in the vegetable field.The color of a patch of cabbages was somewhat close to the color of the goat.

很短时间以内,跌步的农夫也出现在菜田里。一片白菜的颜色有些相近山羊的颜色。

Adjoining the south end of the vegetable field grew a grove of sorghum with green ears.The child burrowed into the sorghum, and many ears, jostled loose, fell from overhead.Sometimes they struck him in the face.The leaves rustled together, tangled, and sometimes stung his skin.There it was a green, sweet-smelling world, and clearly a little cooler.Before long the child struggled his way out past the last of the stalks.At once the sun burned at his hair, and quick-witted, he clapped his hat back on.耀The high blue sky covered over the sunlight glinting on the vegetable field, without a single drifting cloud.A short willow branch tucked under his arm, the child walked with his knees spread far apart, his toes curled inward, so that his legs looked as if they were cradling a basin.The limping farmer had already seen clearly that it was his own child, and from a distance he called out, entirely in a gutteral voice:

毗连著菜田的南端生著青穗的高粱的林。小孩钻入高粱之群里,许多穗子被撞著,从头顶坠下来。有时也打在脸上。叶子们交结著响,有时刺痛著皮肤。那里是绿色的甜味的世界,显然凉爽一些。时间不久,小孩子争斗著又走出最末的那棵植物。立刻太阳烧著他的头发,急灵的他把帽子扣起来。高空的蓝天,遮覆住菜田上闪耀著的阳光,没有一块行云。一株柳条的短枝,小孩挟在腋下,走路他的两腿膝盖远远的分开,两只脚尖向里勾著,勾得腿在抱著个盆样。跌脚的农夫早已看清是自己的孩子了,他远远地完全用喉音在问著:

!……"Luoquantui, ai-ya!......?』"Couldn't find it?"

『罗圈腿,唉呀!……不能找到?』

This child's name suited him perfectly, a fitting symbol of who he was.:『。』He said, "No."

这个孩子的名字十分象征著他。他说:『没有。』

Along the edge of the vegetable field, a small patch of ground was embroidered with wild greens.Past this short path lay Erliban's house; in front of his door grew a poplar tree, its leaves turning and tossing.Every day when Erliban walked beneath the poplar, he would always stop to listen to how its leaves rustled;and watch how the poplar's leaves swayed.……The poplar was like this every day...and every day he too stopped in his tracks.Today, for the first time, he broke this habit; he forgot everything else, and only his limp grew deeper still!Each step seemed to sink into a pit.

菜田的边道,小小的地盘,绣著野菜。经过这条短道,前面就是二里半的房窝,他家门前种著一株杨树,杨树翻摆著自己的叶子。每日二里半走在杨树下,总是听一听杨树的叶子怎样响;看一看杨树的叶子怎样摆动?杨树每天这样……他也每天停脚。今天是他第一次破例,什么他都忘记,只见跌脚跌得更深了!每一步像在踏下一个坑去。

Around the mud hut, branches were woven into a fence; half the poplar's shade fell scattered into the yard;Mamianpo was washing clothes there in the shade.At noon only stillness remained among the fields and gardens; only the butterflies, drawn by the flowers, fluttered here and there near and far, unafraid that the sun might scorch their wings.Everything else had withdrawn into hiding; even a dog had found a shady spot and lay sleeping!The insects too had hidden away and fallen silent!

土屋周围,树条编做成墙,杨树一半荫影洒落到院中;麻面婆在荫影中洗濯衣裳。正午田圃间只留著寂静,惟有蝴蝶们为著花,远近的翩飞,不怕太阳烧毁牠们的翅膀。一切都回藏起来,一只狗也寻著有荫的地方睡了!虫子们也回藏不鸣!

Sweat on Mamianpo's face, like beads, like beans, gradually crept into every pockmark and trickled downward.Mamianpo was not a butterfly; she could grow no shimmering wings, only the pockmarks stamped upon her.

汗水在麻面婆的脸上,如珠如豆,渐渐侵著每个麻痕而下流。麻面婆不是一只蝴蝶,她生不出燐膀来,只有印就的麻痕。

Two butterflies flitted playfully past Mamianpo; with her wet hand she struck at the flying butterflies, and one fell into the basin and drowned!Her body kept bending forward over her work; sweat ran down to her mouth, and she tasted a bit of its salt; when the sweat ran into her eyes it stung fiercely, and she hastily wiped it away with her wet hand, but did not stop washing.Her eyes looked as though she had been crying, rubbed into dirty, comical rings; seen from a little distance, she looked exactly like a clown on the opera stage;her eyes were frighteningly large, larger even than an ox's eyes, and her face too was covered with irregular markings.

两只蝴蝶飞戏著闪过麻面婆,她用湿的手把飞著的蝴蝶打下来,一个落到盆中溺死了!她的身子向前继续伏动,汗流到嘴了,她舐尝一点盐的味,汗流到眼睛的时候,那是非常辣,她急切用湿手揩拭一下,但仍不停的洗濯。她的眼睛好像哭过一样,揉擦出脏污可笑的圈子,若远看一点,那正合乎戏台上的丑角;眼睛大得那样可怕,比起牛的眼睛来更大,而且脸上也有不定的花纹。

The windows and door of the mud hut, seen from afar, looked just like the mouths of caves.Mamianpo stepped through the door to look for another piece of clothing to wash, but on the kang what she grabbed was only a patch of sunlight, which she could not pick up—she realized her eyes had gone dazzled!It was as if, out of brightness, she had suddenly stepped into a night with the lamp put out.She stopped to rest.She felt wonderfully cool.After a while she drew out one of her own trousers from under the mat.漿She wiped the sweat from her head with the trousers, and as she walked back to the shady spot where the basin stood, she plunged the trousers into the muddy water too.

土屋的窗子,门,望去那和洞一样。麻面婆踏进门,她去找另一件要洗的衣服,可是在炕上,她抓到了日影,但是不能拿起,她知道她的眼睛是晕花了!好像在光明中忽然走进灭了灯的夜。她休息下来。感到非常凉爽。过了一会在席子下面她抽出一条自己的裤子。她用裤子抹著头上的汗,一面走回树荫放著盆的地方,她把裤子也浸进泥浆去。

The trousers in the basin had probably not been washed through yet, but already they were draped over the fence!Perhaps they were already done?Mamianpo's chores came one right after another; whenever it was necessary, she would set one down and go do another.

裤子在盆中大概还没有洗完,可是搭到篱墙上了!也许已经洗完?麻面婆的事是一件跟紧一件,有必要时,她放下一件又去做别的。

滿From the neighboring house's chimney thick smoke gushed out, scattered by the wind, filling the whole yard.The smoke stung her eyes!漿滿Knowing her family would soon be back to eat, her heart fluttered in a hurry; with hands still soaked in mud she went to the corner of the wall for thatch-grass, and her hands became covered all over with it—just like that she cooked the meal, her hands never once washed clean with water.Her own household's chimney, too, began to send up smoke.After a while she came out again to fetch firewood; the thatch-grass in her hands, half dragging on the ground, half tucked under her apron, she walked along hugging it to herself.滿Her hair blew loose across her whole face—just so, Mamianpo was a mother bear!A mother bear carrying grass into her den.

邻屋的烟筒,浓烟冲出,被风吹散著,布满全院。烟迷著她的眼睛了!她知道家人要回来吃饭,慌张著心弦,她用泥浆浸过的手去墙角拿茅草,她贴了满手的茅草,就那样,她烧饭,她的手从来没用清水洗过。她家的烟筒也冒著烟了。过了一会,她又出来取柴,茅草在手中,一半拖在地面,另一半在围裙下,她是拥著走。头发飘了满脸,那样,麻面婆是一只母熊了!母熊带著草类进洞。

Thick smoke blotted out the sun; the yard grew dim for a moment, the smoke hanging in the air like cloud.

浓烟遮住太阳,院中一霎幽暗,在空中烟和云似的。

The clothes on the fence dripped water, steaming with a foul, murky air.The whole village seemed to be suffocating in fire.The noonday sun held its authority over everything!

篱墙上的衣裳在滴水滴,蒸著污浊的气。全个村庄在火中窒息。午间的太阳权威著一切了!

?』"Damn it, has someone gone and stolen it?"

『他妈的,给人家偷著走了吧?』

Whenever Erliban's limp grew severe, he would tilt his backside off to one side, lurching along at a fixed angle.He went and patted the little shed where the goat slept—but where was the goat?

二里半跌脚利害的时候,都是把屁股向后面斜著,跌出一定的角度来。他去拍一拍山羊睡觉的草棚,可是羊在哪里?

……"Damn it, who stole the goat......!』"Rotten offspring!"

『他妈的,谁偷了羊……混账种子!』

Hearing her husband cursing, Mamianpo came out, her eyes sunken:

麻面婆听著丈夫骂,她走出来凹著眼睛:

"Is the meal late?。』Seeing you weren't back, I went and washed some clothes."

『饭晚啦吗?看你不回来,我就洗些个衣裳。』

To let Mamianpo speak was like letting a pig speak; perhaps the structure of her throat was the same as a pig's—she always made a pig's sound.

让麻面婆说话,就像让猪说话一样,也许她喉咙组织法和猪相同,她总是发著猪声。

"Ai-ya!The goat's gone missing!?』Why would I be cursing you, you foolish wife?"

『唉呀!羊丢啦!我骂你那个傻老婆干什么?』

Hearing the goat was lost, she went and turned over the woodpile; she remembered that once the goat had burrowed through the woodpile.But that had been in winter, when the goat did it to keep warm.She never stopped to think that in the sixth month's weather, only a goat as foolish as herself would want to burrow into a woodpile for warmth.She kept turning it over; she did not think.Bits of fine straw scattered all through her hair; her husband tried to stop her and asked her the reason, but she never said.She wanted to bring about some small miracle, so that from this miracle people would think more highly of her from then on.To show that she was not foolish, to show that her wits appeared exactly when needed—so she scrabbled over the woodpile like a dog until she wore herself out!With her hands picking the bits of straw from her hair, she sat down.To her own surprise she felt her cleverness had not been enough; to her own surprise she was disappointed in herself.

听说羊丢,她去扬翻柴堆,她记得有一次羊是钻过柴堆。但,那在冬天,羊为著取暖。她没有想一想,六月天气,只有和她一样傻的羊才要钻柴堆取暖。她翻著,她没有想。全头发洒著一些细草,她丈夫想止住她,问她什么理由,她始终不说。她为著要作出一点奇迹,为著从这奇迹,今后要人看重她。表明她不傻,表明她的智慧是在必要的时节出现,于是像狗在柴堆上耍得疲乏了!手在扒著发间的草秆,她坐下来。她意外的感到自己的聪明不够用,她意外的对自己失望。

After a while the neighbors set out in all directions beneath the sun, searching everywhere for the goat;Mamianpo's rice pot was steaming, but she too followed along behind.

过了一会邻人们在太阳底下四面出发,四面寻羊;麻面婆的饭锅冒著气,但,她也跟在后面。

※ ※ ※ ※* * * *

Not far from his own door, Erliban met Luoquantui, and the child said:

二里半走出家门不远,遇见罗圈腿,孩子说:

!』"Papa, I'm hungry!"

『爸爸,我饿!』

:『!』Erliban said, "Go on home and eat, then!"

二里半说:『回家去吃饭吧!』

But when Erliban turned around, his wife was following behind like a bundle of straw.

可是二里半转身时老婆和一捆稻草似的跟在后面。

"You, wife, what are you coming along for?。』Take him home to eat."

『你这老婆,来干什么?领他回家去吃饭。』

So saying, he limped onward without stopping.

他说著不停的向前跌走。

The wheat field, yellow, nearly all yellow, had only short stubble left behind.使Seen from a distance, the wheat field made one feel sad.At the far end of the wheat field, by the well, someone was drawing water.西沿Erliban shaded his brow with one hand, looking east and west, then suddenly decided to go over to the well; he looked down along its edge—nothing there; he used the well's bucket to probe deep down into the water—still nothing.At last, having hauled up the bucket, he bent over the well's edge and drank; the water made a sound in his throat, like a horse drinking.

黄色的,近黄色的麦地只留下短短的根苗。远看来麦地使人悲伤。在麦地尽端,井边什么人在汲水。二里半一只手遮在眉上,东西眺望,他忽然决定到那井的地方,在井沿著下去,什么也没有,用井上汲水的桶子向水底深深的探试,什么也没有。最后,绞上水桶,他伏身到井边喝水,水在喉中有声,像是马在喝。

Old Wangpo was resting on the grassy ground before her door:

老王婆在门前草场上休息:

"How's the wheat threshing coming along?!』My goat is lost!"

『麦子打得怎样啦?我的羊丢了!』

Erliban's sallow face turned even more sallow over the loss of the goat!

二里半青色的面孔为了丢羊更青色了!

……Baa......……Baa......A goat bleating?It was not the goat bleating, but the people searching for it, calling out.

咩……咩……羊叫?不是羊叫,寻羊的人叫。

Along the tree-shaded road a row of brick-carts passed, the carters clamoring noisily.The goat woke from its midday sleep, and drowsily used its horns to pick at the hair all over its body.Reflecting the green of the leaves, the goat had turned a pale yellow.A melon-seller sat by the roadside eating a melon of his own.That row of brick-carts raised dust like waves, moving out of the tree-shade onto the road into the city.

林荫一排砖车经过,车夫们哗闹著。山羊的午睡醒转过来,牠迷茫著用犄角在周身剔毛。为著树叶绿色的反映,山羊变成浅黄。卖瓜的人在道旁自己吃瓜。那一排砖车扬起浪般的灰尘,从林荫走上进城的大道。

The goat, alone, having finished its midday sleep and finished its meal of bark, set off for home.The goat did not go home; it passed by every tall tree, listening too to the rustling cry of every single leaf—could the goat be going into the city as well!It ran toward the highway leading into town.

山羊寂寞著,山羊完成了牠的午睡,完成了牠的树皮餐,而归家去了。山羊没有归家,牠经过每棵高树,也听遍了每张叶子的刷鸣,山羊也要进城吗!牠奔向进城的大道。

……Baa......Baa — was that the goat bleating?It wasn't the goat bleating, it was the man searching for the goat calling out — Erliban called out louder than anyone else, so loud it didn't sound like a goat anymore, it sounded like an ox!

咩……咩,羊叫?不是羊叫,寻羊的人叫,二里半比别人叫出来更大声,那不像是羊叫,像是一条牛了!

In the end, Erliban got into a fight with his neighbor over the land, and in the scuffle his hat, like a kite with its string cut, drifted and fluttered down, sailing off from his head into the distance.

最后,二里半和地邻动打,那样,他的帽子,像断了线的风筝,飘摇著下降,从他头上飘摇到远处。

!──……"You trampled my cabbages! — You......……』You......"

That tall red-faced man looked like a demon king; Erliban was beaten until his eyes swam, and he reached to yank up a small tree beside him;The small tree, for no reason, fell victim; the woman of that household came out and thrust forward a rake used for stirring the sauce vat, the rake dripping with sauce.

那个红脸长人,像是魔王一样,二里半被打得眼睛晕花起来,他去抽拔身边的一棵小树;小树无由的被害了,那家的女人出来,送出一支搅酱缸的耙子,耙子滴著酱。

Seeing the rake coming at him, he pulled up the small tree and ran home with it, leaving his straw hat abandoned so forlornly by the well — a straw hat he had worn for who knew how many years.

他看见耙子来了,拔著一棵小树跑回家去,草帽是那般孤独的丢在井边,草帽他不知戴过了多少年头。

:『!』Erliban cursed at his wife: "Damn you, who wants to eat your burnt rice!"

二里半骂著妻子:『混蛋,谁吃你的焦饭!』

His face was as long as a horse's.Mamianpo panicked, moving about with foolish gestures; she knew the goat surely hadn't been found.

他的面孔和马脸一样长。麻面婆惊惶著,带著愚蠢的举动,她知道山羊一定没能寻到。

!『……After a while, she went to the rice basin and cried! "My......……goat, that I fed day after day......!』that I raised up, stroking it as it grew!"

过了一会,她到饭盆那里哭了!『我的……羊,我一天一天喂喂……大的,我抚摸著长起来的!』

It was not in Mamianpo's nature to complain.Whenever she met with something unpleasant — whether her husband scolded her, or a neighbor quarreled with her, or even when the children pestered her — she would melt down like a puddle of wax.She was not one to resist or fight back; her heart seemed to store up sorrow forever, always like a piece of withered white cotton.Sobbing, she wandered outside and absently brought in the sun-dried clothes, but she had absolutely no mind left to spare for the goat.

麻面婆的性情不会抱怨。她一遇到不快时,或是丈夫骂了她,或是邻人与她拌嘴,就连小孩子们扰烦她时,她都是像一摊蜡消融下来。她的性情不好反抗,不好争斗,她的心像永远贮藏著悲哀似的,她的心永远像一块衰落的白棉。她哭抽著,任意走到外面把晒干的衣裳搭进来,但她绝对没有心思注意到羊。

But the wandering goat kept scratching itself against the shed, until the plank door was nearly shaken loose, banging and rattling.

可是会旅行的山羊在草棚不断的搔痒,弄得板房的门扇快要掉落下来,门扇摔摆的响著。

It was afternoon now, and Erliban still sat on the kang.

"Damn it, if the goat's lost, then it's lost!。』Keeping it was never a good omen anyway."

『妈的,羊丢了就丢了吧!留著牠不是好兆相。』

But his wife didn't understand what bad omen there could be in keeping a goat, and she said:

但是妻子不晓得养羊会有什么不好的兆相,她说:

"Hmph!Just let it go to waste like that?。』I'll go look for it in a while — I'm sure it's in the sorghum field."

『哼!那么白白地丢了?我一会去找,我想一定在高粱地里。』

"You're still going to look for it?Don't go looking!!』If it's lost, let it be lost!"

『你还去找?你别找啦!丢就丢了吧!』

!』"I can find it!"

!』"Ai-ya — looking for the goat will bring on something else!"

『唉呀:找羊会出别的事哩!』

:──In his mind circled the moment of the beating: — the straw hat drifting down like a kite with its string cut, the sauce rake dripping with sauce.。……Quick, grab the small tree, quick, grab the small tree......In Erliban's heart this ill omen turned over and over.

他脑中回旋著挨打的时候:──草帽像断了线的风筝飘摇著下落,酱耙子滴著酱。快抓住小树,快抓住小树。……二里半心中翻著这不好的兆相。

His wife knew nothing of this.She headed toward the sorghum field: butterflies and other insects were busy and lively, and out in the fields people were at work.She didn't speak with the women working the fields; passing by the wheat field where only the stubble remained, she looked like a tiny crawling insect out there.The sunlight had grown a little duller than at noon, and the chirring of insects gradually increased;more and more of them took flight!

他的妻不知道这事。她朝向高粱地去了:蝴蝶和别的虫子热闹著,田地上有人工作了。她不和田上的妇女们搭话,经过留著根的麦地时,她像微点的爬虫在那里。阳光比正午钝了些,虫鸣渐多了;渐飞渐多了!

Whatever time old Wang Po had left over from her work, she spent entirely recounting her endless fate.As she spoke, her teeth would often grind and click, and in that way she expressed her resentment and simmering anger.Under the starlight, the lines of her face took on a greenish tinge, her eyes looked pale and bluish — her eyes were large and round.Sometimes, when she came to some exciting turn in her tale, her voice would come out hoarse and flat, without any inflection.」,The neighborhood children would call her an "owl," and she was often enraged at the children for calling her that: how, she wondered, could she have turned into such a monstrous creature?西As if crushing something to pieces, she began to spit.

老王婆工作剩余的时间,尽是,述说她无穷的命运。她的牙齿为著述说常常切得发响,那样她表示她的愤恨和潜怒。在星光下,她的脸纹绿了些,眼睛发青,她的眼睛是大的圆形。有时她讲到兴奋的话句,她发著嘎而没有曲折的直声。邻居的孩子们会说她是一头「猫头鹰」,她常常为著小孩子们说她「猫头鹰」而愤激:她想自己怎么会成个那样的怪物呢?像碎著一件什么东西似的,她开始吐痰。

The children's mothers beat them, and the children ran off to the side and cried!At this Wang Po would have to stop her storytelling, and she would climb in through the window hole to sleep for the night.But sometimes she paid no attention to the children crying, as if she hadn't heard them at all, and went right on talking about the year the wheat harvest was good;?……how she'd bought another ox, and the ox had given birth to a calf, and what became of the calf after that......Her talk always rose and fell like waves;about a single ox, she could produce endless words: what color was the ox?How much water and grass did it eat each day?姿She would even go on to describe just what posture the ox slept in.

孩子们的妈妈打了他们,孩子跑到一边去哭了!这时王婆她该终止她的讲说,她从窗洞爬进屋去过夜。但有时她并不注意孩子们哭,她不听见似地,她仍说著那一年麦子好;她多买了一条牛,牛又生了小牛,小牛后来又怎样?……她的讲话总是有起有落;关于一条牛,她能有无量的言词:牛是什么颜色?每天要吃多少水草?甚至要说到牛睡觉是怎样的姿势。

便But tonight there wasn't a single tiresome child in the yard; Wang Po, with two neighbor women beside her, sat on a hog trough, and their talk unfurled across the night sky like flowing water.

但是今夜院中一个讨厌的孩子也没有,王婆领著两个邻妇,坐在一条喂猪的槽子上,她们的故事便流水一般地在夜空里延展开。

In the sky some clouds hurried past; when the moon sank into their midst, the clouds looked like smoke, like a mountain of coal, as though about to catch fire.A little while more, and the moon was buried in the mountain of cloud; from all around, no frog cries could be heard;only the fireflies flickered.

天空一些云忙走,月亮陷进云围时,云和烟样,和煤山样,快要燃烧似地。再过一会,月亮埋进云山,四面听不见蛙鸣;只是萤虫闪闪著。

滿Inside the houses, as if inside caves, snoring rose up, its waves of sound spreading out to fill the whole yard.At the edge of the sky, small flashes of lightning kept flickering open and shut.Wang Po's story played out against the clouds in the sky:

屋里,像是洞里,响起鼾声来,布遍了的声波旋走了满院。天边小的闪光不住的在闪合。王婆的故事对比著天空的云:

『……"......。……A child of mine, three years old — I dropped her and killed her. If I'd kept the child I'd have turned into a useless wreck......……That morning......!……let me think!......It was morning, I sat her down on the straw stack, and I went to feed the ox;the straw stack was behind the house.When I remembered the child, I ran to pick her up, and I saw there was no child on the straw stack;when I saw there was an iron plow under the straw stack, I knew it was a bad omen — of all things, the child had fallen right onto the iron plow — and I thought she was still alive!……When I picked her up......!』Ai-ya!"

『……一个孩子三岁了,我把她摔死了,要小孩子我会成了个废物。……那天早晨……我想一想!……是早晨,我把她坐在草堆上,我去喂牛;草堆是在房后。等我想起孩子来,我跑去抱她,我看见草堆上没有孩子;我看见草堆下有铁犁的时候,我知道,这是恶兆,偏偏孩子跌在铁犁一起,我以为她还活著呀!等我抱起来的时候……啊呀!』

A streak of lightning split open the sky, and in it Wang Po could be seen clearly, like an excited ghost.The whole wheat field, the sorghum field, the vegetable garden, all appeared in the flash of light.西The women were filled with dread, as though something cold had struck against their faces.The moment the flash passed, Wang Po's voice went on again:

一条闪光裂开来,看得清王婆是一个兴奋的幽灵。全麦田,高粱地,菜圃,都在闪光下出现。妇人们被惶惑著,像是有什么冷的东西,扑向她们的脸去。闪光一过,王婆的话声又连续下去:

『……"......!……Ai-ya!......I laid her down on the straw stack, and the blood just kept flowing onto the straw!Her little hands trembled, blood came steaming out of her nose, and out of her mouth too, as if her throat had been cut through.I listened, and her belly still made sounds;it was just like a puppy crushed to death under a cart wheel.I've seen with my own eyes a puppy run over and killed by a wheel too — I've seen everything.Whenever anyone in this village had a child they couldn't carry to term, I'd go with a hook, or maybe with that knife for digging vegetables, and forcibly stir the child out of its mother's belly.A child dying is nothing at all — you all think I must have leapt about wailing, don't you?That I would have howled?At first my heart trembled too, but the moment I saw the wheat field before my eyes, I didn't regret it in the least, I didn't shed a single tear.Afterward the wheat harvest was very good, and it was I who cut it down; on the threshing ground I picked up the grain kernel by kernel — that whole autumn I never stopped my feet, never spoke an idle word, as if I hadn't even a breath to spare, and then winter came!By winter, when I compared my grain with the neighbors', my kernels were so big!By winter my back had bent quite badly, from holding those big kernels in my hand.!……But the neighbors' children, they had grown up!......。』It was only then that I seemed to suddenly remember my little Xiaozhong."

『……啊呀!……我把她丢到草堆上,血尽是向草堆上流呀!她的小手颤颤著,血在冒著汽从鼻子流出,从嘴也流出,好像喉管被切断了。我听一听她的肚子还有响;那和一条小狗给车轮压死一样。我也亲眼看过小狗被车轮轧死,我什么都看过。这庄上的谁家养小孩,一遇到孩子不能养下来,我就去拿著钩子,也许用那个掘菜的刀子,把孩子从娘的肚里硬搅出来。孩子死,不算一回事,你们以为我会暴跳著哭吧?我会嚎叫吧?起先我心也觉得发颤,可是我一看见麦田在我眼前时,我一点都不后悔,我一滴眼泪都没淌下。以后麦子收成很好,麦子是我割倒的,在场上一粒一粒我把麦子拾起来,就是那年我整个秋天没有停脚,没讲闲话,像连口气也没得喘似的,冬天就来了!到冬天我和邻人比著麦粒,我的麦粒是那样大呀!到冬天我的背曲得有些利害,在手里拿著大的麦粒。可是,邻人的孩子却长起来了!……到那时候,我好像忽然才想起我的小钟。』

Wang Po gave the neighbor woman a nudge, and shook her head:

王婆推一推邻妇,荡一荡头:

!……"My child's pet name was Xiaozhong!......For several nights running I suffered so I couldn't sleep — what did the grain matter?From that time on, I stopped caring so much even about the grain!Even now, there's nothing I set much store by.。』I was only in my twenties then."

『我的孩子小名叫小钟呀!……我接连著煞苦了几夜没能睡,什么麦粒?从那时起,我连麦粒也不怎样看重了!就是如今,我也不把什么看重。那时我才二十几岁。』

The flashes of lightning came one after another, and the eloquent ghost sat silent within the flashing light.The neighbor women looked at each other, feeling a chill.

闪光相连起来,能言的幽灵默默坐在闪光中。邻妇互望著,感到有些寒冷。

A dog came barking wildly across the threshing ground; the cloud-covered night could tell people nothing.Suddenly a flash of lightning showed the yellow dog, tail curled, barking toward Erliban; once the flash passed, the yellow dog went back to the wheat pile, and the straw stalks stirred with a faint rustling sound.

狗在麦场张狂著咬过来,多云的夜什么也不能告诉人们。忽然一道闪光,看见的黄狗卷著尾巴向二里半叫去,闪光一过,黄狗又回到麦堆,草茎折动出细微的声音。

?』"Third Brother isn't home?"

『三哥不在家里?』

!』西"He's asleep!" Wang Po sank back into her silence again; her answer sounded as though it came from an empty bottle, or from something else hollow.On the hog trough she remained alone, like something turned to stone.

『他睡著哩!』王婆又回到她的默默中,她的答话像是从一个空瓶子或是从什么空的东西发出。猪槽上她一个人化石一般地留著。

"Third Brother!Are you quarreling with Third Sister-in-law again?。』You quarrel with her so often — it will spoil the peace of your days."

『三哥!你又和三嫂闹嘴吗?你常常和她闹嘴,那会败坏了平安的日子的。』

Erliban, who could tolerate his own wife, judged others by his own feelings.

二里半,能宽容妻子,以他的感觉去衡量别人。

:『!』Zhao San lit up his pipe, his ruddy face breaking into a smile: "I haven't quarreled with anyone!"

赵三点起烟火来,他红色的脸笑了笑:『我没和谁闹嘴哩!』

Erliban untied his tobacco pouch from his waist and said unhurriedly:

二里半他从腰间解下烟袋,从容著说:

"My goat went missing!You didn't know, did you?It came back on its own.。』Find me a buyer for it — keeping this goat is no good omen."

『我的羊丢了!你不知道吧?牠又走了回来。要替我说出买主去,这条羊留著不是什么好兆相。』

Zhao San laughed loudly in his rough, hoarse voice, his big hand and ruddy face standing out in the flash of lightning:

赵三用粗嘎的声音大笑,大手和红色脸在闪光中伸现出来:

……"Ha......!』Ha, not bad at all — I hear your hat went flying and spun round and round by the well!"

『哈……哈,倒不错,听说你的帽子飞到井边团团转呢!』

Suddenly Erliban again saw a small tree growing beside him — quick, grab the small tree, quick, grab the small tree.His reverie ended; he realized the news of his beating had spread around, and twisting at the embers of his pipe, he explained defensively:

忽然二里半又看见身边长著一棵小树,快抓住小树,快抓住小树。他幻想终了,他知道被打的消息是传布出来,他撚一撚烟火,解辩著说:

That family has no sense of decency — where has it ever been heard of, losing a sheep and not being allowed to look for it?。』She insisted it trampled his cabbages — look, I can't very well go and fight her over it.

『那家子不通人情,那有丢了羊不许找的勾当?她硬说踏了他的白菜,你看,我不能和她动打。』

He shook his head, sinking coldly away as though insulted; he smoked his pipe, keenly feeling that the sheep was no good omen — the sheep would bring shame on his own face.

摇一摇头,受著辱一般的冷没下去,他吸烟管,切心地感到羊不是好兆相,羊会伤著自己的脸面。

沿A flash of lightning came; big-handed, tall Zhao San rose from the edge of the kang, rubbing his eyes with his palm.He suddenly cried out:

来了一道闪光,大手的高大的赵三,从炕沿站起,用手掌擦著眼睛。他忽然响叫:

!──"It looks like it's going to rain! — This is bad!!』The wheat isn't threshed yet, it's still piled up on the threshing ground!"

『怕是要落雨吧!──坏啦!麦子还没打完,在场上堆著!』

Zhao San felt that raising cattle and farming were not enough, that he had to go into the city to make something of himself.He went into the city every day; gradually he stopped paying attention to the wheat, dreaming instead of another, more promising line of work.

赵三感到养牛和种地不足,必须到城里去发展。他每日进城,他渐渐不注意麦子,他梦想著另一装有望的事业。

"That old woman — why hasn't she gone to see about the wheat??』Is the wheat really going to be washed away by the water!"

『那老婆,怎不去看麦子?麦子一定要给水冲走呢?』

Zhao San, as always, assumed she would be sitting in the middle of the yard; the lightning flashed again, brighter still!Thunder rolled, wind howled.Everything churned through the village in the black night.

赵三习惯的总以为她会坐在院心,闪光更来了!雷响,风声。一切翻动著黑夜的村庄。

"I'm right here!!』Go to the straw shed and bring the mats, let's get the wheat covered!"

『我在这里呀!到草棚拿席子来,把麦子盖起吧!』

:『The shout rang out over the lightning-lit threshing ground, the sound striking as if against something, as though it rang out over water; Wang Po's throat shook again: "Hurry up, you're useless, sleeping till you're dazed!!』Can't even find the door, can you!"

喊声在有闪光的麦场响出,声音像碰著什么似的,好像在水上响出,王婆又震动著喉咙:『快些,没有用的,睡觉睡昏啦!你是摸不到门啦!』

Zhao San, frightened by the coming downpour, did not quarrel with her.

赵三为著未来的大雨所恐吓,没有同她拌嘴。

The sorghum field looked ready to snap and fold over; the elm at the field's edge whistled in the wind, with a sound almost like metal; because of the lightning, the whole village was suddenly laid bare, then suddenly buried in darkness again.The whole village was like foam floating on the sea.From the neighbors, and from neighbors farther off, came children's crying, and grown-ups shouting — something about the sauce jar not being covered!Driving in the chicks!Households that grew wheat shouted that theirs wasn't threshed yet!A farmhouse is like a chicken coop — throw fire at a chicken coop and the chickens go into a frenzy.

高粱地像要倒折,地端的榆树吹啸起来,有点像金属的声音,为著闪的原故,全庄忽然裸现,忽然又沉埋下去。全庄像是海上浮著的泡沫。邻家和距离远一点的邻家有孩子的哭声,大人在嚷吵,什么酱缸没有盖啦!驱赶著鸡雏啦!种麦田的人家嚷著麦子还没有打完啦!农家好比鸡笼,向著鸡笼投下火去,鸡们会翻腾著。

A yellow dog began making itself a nest in the straw pile, scratching at the straw with its legs, tearing at it with its mouth.Wang Po trembled as she went, a rake in her hand.

黄狗在草堆开始做窝,用腿扒草,用嘴扯草。王婆一边颤动,一边手里拿著耙子。

!』"Damn it, the wheat should have been all threshed today — you go into the city and never come back, and now the wheat's ruined, what a waste!"

『该死的,麦子今天就应该打完,你进城就不见回来,麦子算是可惜啦!』

Er Li Ban was walking toward his gate in the flashing light; raindrops began to fall, pattering sparsely on the leaves of the plants.When the raindrops struck his head, he reached up and found his straw hat gone.Over the matter of the straw hat, Er Li Ban walked along cursing the goat.

二里半在电光中走近家门,有雨点打下来,在植物的叶子上稀疏的响著。雨点打在他的头上时,他摸一下头顶而没有了草帽。关于草帽,二里半一边走路一边怨恨山羊。

※ ※ ※ ※※ ※ ※ ※

It was morning, and the rain still hadn't fallen.In the east a long rainbow hung in the sky;clouds carrying the smell of dampness swept over people's heads; above the sorghum tassels in the east, the sun moved behind the clouds, its brightness almost too much — like a red crystal, like a red dream.Seen from afar, the sorghum stood dense and solemn like a small grove of trees;the village households, taking advantage of the morning cool, were each busy out in their fields.

早晨了,雨还没有落下。东边一道长虹悬起来;感到湿的气味的云掠过人头,东边高粱头上,太阳走在云后,那过于艳明,像红色的水晶,像红色的梦。远看高粱和小树林一般森严著;村家在早晨趁著气候的凉爽,各自在田间忙。

In front of Zhao San's gate, on the threshing ground, a child led a horse; being a young horse, it pranced along, swishing its tail, following its small master onto the ground.」,The colt liked to nudge the "stone roller" resting on the ground with its mouth; it stamped its forelegs a few times on the smooth earth, and then, as if demanding something, would always let out a rather unpleasant whinny.

赵三门前,麦场上小孩子牵著马,因为是一条年轻的马,牠跳著荡著尾巴跟牠的小主人走上场来。小马欢喜用嘴撞一撞停在场上的「石滚」,牠的前腿在平滑的地上跺打几下,接著牠必然像索求什么似的叫起不很好听的声来。

穿Wang Po, wearing a wide-sleeved short jacket, walked out onto the level threshing ground.Her hair was disheveled and curled in tangles; the red light of morning shone on her, and her hair looked exactly like the ripened tassels of corn in the fields — reddish, and wilted into curls.

王婆穿的宽袖的短袄,走上平场。她的头发毛乱而且绞卷著,朝晨的红光照著她,她的头发恰像田上成熟的玉米缨穗,红色并且蔫卷。

」,「The horse had called its owner out; it waited to be fitted with the "stone roller," and once the roller was in place, the colt swished its tail, swishing it again and again — utterly docile and pleased.

马儿把主人呼唤出来,牠等待给牠装置「石滚」,「石滚」装好的时候,小马摇著尾巴,不断的摇著尾巴,牠十分驯顺和愉快。

Wang Po felt the mats — they were a bit damp — and pulled them off to one side;滿the child ran over to help her; wheat ears covered the whole level ground, and Wang Po stood off to the side, rake in hand.The child ran happily to the center of the ground, and the horse began to trot in a circle.The child, standing at the center point, turned along with it.Just like a compass used for drawing a circle, no matter how the horse ran, the child always stayed at the center.Because the colt ran as if maddened, flying about, playful just like the child, it sent wheat ears scattering off the ground.Wang Po struck at the horse with her rake, but after a while, once it had had its fill of play, it stopped to rest — just like a puppy that has played enough and needs a rest.Wang Po, as if seized with madness, swung the rake again; the horse bolted up wildly, ran two circles, and dragged the "stone roller" clean off the level ground spread with wheat ears;and even chewed some of the wheat ears in its mouth.The child holding the bridle got scolded:

王婆摸一摸席子潮湿一点,席子被拉在一边了;孩子跑过去,帮助她,麦穗布满平场,王婆拿著耙子站到一边。小孩欢跑著立到场子中央,马儿开始转跑。小孩在中心地点也是转著。好像画圆周时用的圆规一样,无论马儿怎样跑,孩子总在圆心的位置。因为小马发疯著,飘扬著跑,牠和孩子一般地贪玩,弄得麦穗溅出场外。王婆用耙子打著马,可是走了一会牠游戏够了,就和厮耍著的小狗需要休息一样,休息下来。王婆著了疯一般地又挥著耙子,马暴跳起来,牠跑了两个圈子,把「石滚」带著离开铺著麦穗的平场;并且嘴里咬嚼一些麦穗。系住马勒带的孩子挨著骂:

"Ah!You keep sneaking it onto the ground — look at it, can a horse like this thresh wheat?Go and die!!』Stop pestering me!"

『呵!你总偷著把牠拉上场,你看这样的马能以打麦子吗?死了去吧!别烦我吧!』

The child led the horse out through the gate of the threshing ground;went to the horse trough to fetch the old horse.He tied the colt securely between the posts.The old horse had shed almost all its coat; the child disliked it and struck it with the bridle strap to make it move, but it remained as unmovable as a stone, or a plant rooted in the ground.The old horse was the colt's mother; it stopped, nuzzling its nose against a cracked, bleeding wound on the colt's belly.Seeing the colt he loved bleeding, the child's heart ached and tears nearly fell, but he could not understand the bond between mother and child, for he had never known his own mother — he was a child born out of wedlock.The old animal, its coat gone bald, was driven away from the colt; its nose stained with a little blood, it walked onto the threshing ground.

小孩子拉马走出平场的门;到马槽子那里,去拉那个老马。把小马束好在杆子间。老马差不多完全脱了毛,小孩子不爱牠,用勒带打著牠走,可是牠仍和一块石头或是一颗生了根的植物那样不容搬运。老马是小马的妈妈,牠停下来,用鼻头偎著小马肚皮间破裂的流著血的伤口。小孩子看见他爱的小马流血,心中惨惨的眼泪要落出来,但是他没能晓得母子之情,因为他还没能看见妈妈,他是私生子。脱著光毛的老动物,催逼著离开小马,鼻头染著一些血,走上麦场。

In front of the village a train crossed the river bridge — the train itself could not be seen, only its rumbling roar could be heard.Wang Po watched the black smoke coiling up into the sky.:『西西!』A family from the village ahead, driving a cart of cabbages into the city, tossed down a few persimmons from the cart as they passed Wang Po's threshing ground, saying: "You people don't grow persimmons — these are cheap things, worthless things, wheat is the road to riches!" The sturdy young fellow driving the cart passed on by;his whip cracked.

村前火车经过河桥,看不见火车,听见隆隆的声响。王婆注意著旋上天空的黑烟。前村的人家,驱著白菜车去进城,走过王婆的场子时,从车上抛下几个柿子来,一面说:『你们是不种柿子的,这是贱东西,不值钱的东西,麦子是发财之道呀!』驱著车子的青年结实的汉子过去了;鞭子甩响著。

The old horse looked at the horse beyond the wall without making a sound, without even snorting.The child went to get the persimmons to eat; they weren't quite ripe yet, half-green persimmons, always picked by people before their time.

老马看著墙外的马不叫一声,也不响鼻子。小孩去拿柿子吃,柿子还不十分成熟,半青色的柿子,永远被人们摘取下来。

The horse stood quietly there, not even swishing its tail once.Nor did it nudge the stone roller with its mouth;it didn't even glance far off with its eyes, and yet it feared no labor — when the work came, it settled calmly into it;when the ropes and chains were bound onto its body, it simply followed its master's whip.Its master's whip seldom landed on its hide and bone; sometimes, when it was too exhausted to hold up and walked too slowly,its master struck it, with the whip, or with something else, but it never bolted or reared, because all the years gone by had shaped it so.

马静静地停在那里,连尾巴也不甩摆一下。也不去用嘴触一触石滚;就连眼睛牠也不远看一下,同时牠也不怕什么工做,工作来的时候,牠就安心去开始;一些绳锁束上身时,牠就跟住主人的鞭子。主人的鞭子很少落到牠的皮骨,有时牠过分疲惫而不能支持,行走过分缓慢;主人打了牠,用鞭子,或是用别的什么,但是牠并不暴跳,因为一切过去的年代规定了牠。

The wheat ears on the ground gradually lost their shape!

麦穗在场上渐渐不成形了!

"Come here!Hold the horse here a while!!』Ping'er!"

『来呀!在这儿拉一会马呀!平儿!』

。』"I don't want to be with the old horse — the old horse looks asleep the whole day long."

『我不愿意和老马在一块,老马整天像睡著。』

Ping'er, persimmons in his pocket, went off to one side to eat, and Wang Po grumbled angrily:

平儿囊中带著柿子走到一边去吃,王婆怨怒著:

"What a fine child!!』I can't manage you well enough — well, you still have a father!"

『好孩子呀!我管不好你,你还有爹哩!』

Ping'er paid no attention to anyone, walked out of the threshing ground, and headed toward the flower-planted edge of the field to the east.He walked along looking at the red flowers, eating his persimmon.

平儿没有理谁,走出场子,向著东边种著花的地端走去。他看著红花,吃著柿子走。

:『!』The gray old ghost flew into a rage: "I'll go call your father to come and discipline you!"

灰色的老幽灵暴怒了:『我去唤你的爹爹来管教你呀!』

She walked off the threshing ground like a great gray bird.

她像一支灰色的大鸟走出场去。

The leaves of early morning!The leaves of the trees, the leaves of the flowers, glittering with beads of silver!The sun hung boundless and round above the tops of the sorghum stalks; in the houses nearby, breakfast was being prepared.

清早的叶子们!树的叶子们,花的叶子们,闪著银珠了!太阳不著边际地圆轮在高粱棵的上端,左近的家屋在预备早饭了。

The old horse rolled over the wheat ears all on its own, the bridle strap dragging beneath its mouth; it stole no mouthful of grain, it never strayed from its track, turning one circle, then another; the ropes and leather straps rubbed in steady rhythm against its bare, worn hide, and the old animal moved there in silence, all by itself.

老马自己在滚压麦穗,勒带在嘴下拖著,牠不偷食麦粒,牠不走脱了轨,转过一个圈,再转过一个,绳子和皮条有次序的向牠光皮的身子磨擦,老动物自己无声的动在那里。

※ ※ ※ ※※ ※ ※ ※

In the households that grew wheat, the straw piles rose higher and higher!Fufa's family straw pile, too, rose above the top of the wall.Fufa's wife lit up her pipe.She was sturdy and short; the pipe idly sent up its smoke;the rake in her hand raked away ceaselessly over the level ground.

种麦的人家,麦草堆得高涨起来了!福发家的草堆也涨过墙头。福发的女人吸起烟管。她是健壮而短小,烟管随意冒著烟;手中的耙子,不住的耙在平场。

Her nephew, cracking his whip, walked through the shade of the trees ahead, quietly, softly singing a lonesome song;She was moved by the sound of the song!The rake nearly came to a stop, while the song still rose at the edge of the woods:

侄儿打著鞭子行经在前面的林荫,静静悄悄地他唱著寂寞的歌声;她为歌声感动了!耙子快要停下来,歌声仍起在林端:

,……"Yesterday morning a fine rain fell, …………Little girl, wearing a straw rain-cape……,……Little girl, ……。』going out to fish."

『昨晨落著毛毛雨,……小姑娘,披蓑衣……小姑娘,……去打鱼。』

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What it’s about

The wheat field opens the village world at harvest, where human labour and animal appetite occupy the same dusty ground. Men and women thresh grain while children roam nearby, and the abundance of wheat never quite becomes security for those doing the work. Xiao Hong builds the chapter from glances, noises and physical gestures rather than introducing a single commanding protagonist. The field is communal yet sharply unequal: everybody knows everybody else's hunger, quarrels and weakness, while custom makes such exposure feel ordinary.

Amid the harvest activity, the novel begins linking fertility to danger. Grain ripens, animals mate and women carry children, but growth is never separated from exhaustion or death. The villagers' talk can be comic and coarse, then suddenly cruel, because hardship has narrowed the space available for tenderness. This first chapter teaches the book's method: recurring figures emerge from a crowd, episodes stop without neat resolution, and the landscape is neither a pastoral refuge nor a symbolic backdrop. It is the material field on which bodies must keep working in order to remain alive.

When it was written 背景

Xiao Hong wrote 生死場 in 1934 from memories of rural Heilongjiang, revising it after she and Xiao Jun reached Shanghai. When the book appeared in 1935, urban critics noticed both its northeastern speech and its refusal to idealize peasants. The opening is a good place for learners to accept the novel's montage structure: track repeated people, animals and tasks instead of waiting for one continuous plot. Agricultural vocabulary may slow the first pages, but the concrete verbs of carrying, beating, eating and watching establish patterns that return throughout the book. The harvest predates the occupation narrative and shows what was already harsh before foreign soldiers arrived.

Words in this chapter 生词