示衆 A Public Example

西On a road in the West City, the most exemplary of districts, there was at this moment no bustle at all.仿Though the blazing sun had not yet shone directly down, the sand and dust on the road already seemed to glimmer and shine;滿scorching heat suffused the air, everywhere exerting the full force of midsummer.,——Many dogs had their tongues lolling out, and even the crows in the trees sat with beaks open, panting — but, of course, there were exceptions.使調使From far off came the faint clink of two brass cups struck together, calling to mind sour-plum soup and bringing a vague sense of coolness, yet the lazy, monotonous metallic sound, coming at intervals, only made the stillness seem all the deeper.

首善之区的西城的一条马路上,这时候什么扰攘也没有。火焰焰的太阳虽然还未直照,但路上的沙土仿佛已是闪烁地生光;酷热满和在空气里面,到处发挥著盛夏的威力。许多狗都拖出舌头来,连树上的乌老鸦也张著嘴喘气,——但是,自然也有例外的。远处隐隐有两个铜盏相击的声音,使人忆起酸梅汤,依稀感到凉意,可是那懒懒的单调的金属音的间作,却使那寂静更其深远了。

There was only the sound of footsteps — rickshaw pullers running on in silence, as if trying to hurry out from under the fierce sun overhead.

只有脚步声,车夫默默地前奔,似乎想赶紧逃出头上的烈日。

"Hot buns here!……。」Fresh out of the steamer…."

「热的包子咧!刚出屉的……。」

A fat boy of eleven or twelve, eyes narrowed and mouth twisted to one side, was shouting in front of a shop by the roadside.His voice had already gone hoarse, and carried a trace of drowsiness, as though lulled to sleep by the long summer day.

十一二岁的胖孩子,细著眼睛,歪了嘴在路旁的店门前叫喊。声音已经嘶嗄了,还带些睡意,如给夏天的长日催眠。

On the battered table beside him sat twenty or thirty plain buns and stuffed buns, without a trace of steam, sitting there cold.

他旁边的破旧桌子上,就有二三十个馒头包子,毫无热气,冷冷地坐著。

"Ho-ah!……。」Plain buns and stuffed buns, hot ones…."

「荷阿!馒头包子咧,热的……。」

Like a ball hurled hard against a wall and bounced back, he suddenly flew across to the other side of the road.穿By the telegraph pole, facing him and standing square to the road, two men had also just come to a stop: one was a sallow, gaunt policeman in a light-yellow uniform with a sword at his belt, holding the end of a rope in his hand, the other end of which was tied to the arm of another man, who wore a blue cloth gown with a white vest over it.This man wore a new straw hat, its brim drooping down all around, hiding the region of his eyes.But the fat boy was short, and when he tilted his face up to look, he happened to meet this man's eyes squarely.Those eyes, too, seemed at that very moment to be looking at the top of his head.He hastily lowered his eyes to look at the white vest instead, and saw that on it were written, line after line, characters of various sizes, of some sort or other.

像用力掷在墙上而反拨过来的皮球一般,他忽然飞在马路的那边了。在电杆旁,和他对面,正向著马路,其时也站定了两个人:一个是淡黄制服的挂刀的面黄肌瘦的巡警,手里牵著绳头,绳的那头就拴在别一个穿蓝布大衫上罩白背心的男人的臂膊上。这男人戴一顶新草帽,帽檐四面下垂,遮住了眼睛的一带。但胖孩子身体矮,仰起脸来看时,却正撞见这人的眼睛了。那眼睛也似乎正在看他的脑壳。他连忙顺下眼,去看白背心,只见背心上一行一行地写著些大大小小的什么字。

滿In an instant, a good part of a circle of onlookers had already gathered round.禿滿By the time a bald old man had joined and filled another gap, little room was left, and this was at once filled up by a bare-chested, red-nosed fat man.便This fat man was too broad across, and took up the space of two people, so that those arriving after him could only crowd into a second row, poking their heads in between the necks of the two in front.

刹时间,也就围满了大半圈的看客。待到增加了秃头的老头子之后,空缺已经不多,而立刻又被一个赤膊的红鼻子胖大汉补满了。这胖子过于横阔,占了两人的地位,所以续到的便只能屈在第二层,从前面的两个脖子之间伸进脑袋去。

禿The bald head, standing more or less directly opposite the white vest, bent his waist to study the writing on it, and at last began to read aloud:

秃头站在白背心的略略正对面,弯了腰,去研究背心上的文字,终于读起来:

,……」"Weng, du, heng, ba, er, …"

禿便滿But the fat boy saw that the white vest was studying this glossy bald head, so he too began studying it, and saw only that the whole head was shiny and slick, with a patch of grayish-white hair near the ears, and nothing else particularly remarkable about it besides.But behind them, a nursemaid carrying a child was trying to seize the chance to squeeze her way in;禿the bald head, afraid of losing his spot, hastily straightened up, and though he had not yet finished reading the writing, there was nothing to be done about it, so he turned instead to look at the white vest's face: beneath the straw hat's brim, half a nose, a mouth, and a pointed chin.

胖孩子却看见那白背心正研究著这发亮的秃头,他也便跟著去研究,就只见满头光油油的,耳朵左近还有一片灰白色的头发,此外也不见得有怎样新奇。但是后面的一个抱著孩子的老妈子却想乘机挤进来了;秃头怕失了位置,连忙站直,文字虽然还未读完,然而无可奈何,只得另看白背心的脸:草帽檐下半个鼻子,一张嘴,尖下巴。

Again like a ball hurled hard against a wall and bounced back, a schoolboy came dashing up, one hand pressed to the small snow-white cloth cap on his head, and burrowed straight into the crowd.————西But by the time he had burrowed to the third — or perhaps the fourth — row, he ran into something great and immovable; looking up, he saw, above a blue waistband, a broad bare back, down which sweat was even now trickling.Knowing there was nothing he could do about it, he had no choice but to work his way rightward along the waistband, and luckily, at the end of it, he discovered a gap through which light showed.」,Just as he lowered his head to squeeze through, he heard a voice say "What—", and the buttocks beneath that waistband swung to the right, the gap closed up at once, and the light vanished with it.

又像用了力掷在墙上而反拨过来的皮球一般,一个小学生飞奔上来,一手按住了自己头上的雪白的小布帽,向人丛中直钻进去。但他钻到第三——也许是第四——层,竟遇见一件不可动摇的伟大的东西了,抬头看时,蓝裤腰上面有一座赤条条的很阔的背脊,背脊上还有汗正在流下来。他知道无可措手,只得顺著裤腰右行,幸而在尽头发见了一条空处,透著光明。他刚刚低头要钻的时候,只听得一声「什么」,那裤腰以下的屁股向右一歪,空处立刻闭塞,光明也同时不见了。

But before long, the schoolboy emerged from beside the policeman's sword.穿He looked about him in surprise: outside, a ring of people stood in a circle — at the head of it was the man in the white vest, opposite him a bare-chested fat little boy, and behind the fat little boy a bare-chested, red-nosed fat man.便Only now did he dimly grasp the true identity of that great obstacle from before, and, as if both astonished and full of admiration, he simply stared at the red nose.The fat boy had been fixed on the schoolboy's face, and so, unable to help following the direction of his gaze, turned his head round too — there was a very fat breast, with a few long hairs growing near the nipple.

但不多久,小学生却从巡警的刀旁边钻出来了。他诧异地四顾:外面围著一圈人,上首是穿白背心的,那对面是一个赤膊的胖小孩,胖小孩后面是一个赤膊的红鼻子胖大汉。他这时隐约悟出先前的伟大的障碍物的本体了,便惊奇而且佩服似的只望著红鼻子。胖小孩本是注视著小学生的脸的,于是也不禁依了他的眼光,回转头去了,在那里是一个很胖的奶子,奶头四近有几枝很长的毫毛。

?……」"What... what crime did he commit?…"

「他,犯了什么事啦?……」

禿Everyone turned to look in astonishment, and found it was a rough fellow, looking like a laborer, humbly asking the question of the bald old man.

大家都愕然看时,是一个工人似的粗人,正在低声下气地请教那秃头老头子。

禿The bald head said nothing, only opened his eyes wide and fixed them on him.禿Under that gaze he lowered his eyes; when he looked again after a moment, the bald head still had his eyes wide open, fixed on him, and it seemed that everyone else too had their eyes wide open, fixed on him.仿退He then grew as uneasy as though he himself had committed some crime, and in the end slowly backed away and slipped out.A tall fellow with a foreign-style umbrella under his arm came to fill the gap he left;禿the bald head, too, turned his face back to look again at the white vest.

秃头不作声,单是睁起了眼睛看定他。他被看得顺下眼光去,过一会再看时,秃头还是睁起了眼睛看定他,而且别的人也似乎都睁了眼睛看定他。他于是仿佛自己就犯了罪似的局促起来,终至于慢慢退后,溜出去了。一个挟洋伞的长子就来补了缺;秃头也旋转脸去再看白背心。

The tall fellow bent at the waist, meaning to make out the white vest's face beneath the drooping straw hat brim, but for some reason suddenly straightened up again.So the people behind him again had to strain their necks as far as they would go;one thin man went so far as to open his mouth wide, like a dead perch.

长子弯了腰,要从垂下的草帽檐下去赏识白背心的脸,但不知道为什么忽又站直了。于是他背后的人们又须竭力伸长了脖子;有一个瘦子竟至于连嘴都张得很大,像一条死鲈鱼。

The policeman, all of a sudden, lifted one foot, and everyone was startled again, quickly turning to look at his foot;but he set it down steadily once more, and so they turned back to the white vest.The tall fellow suddenly bent again, still trying to peer beneath the drooping straw hat brim, but straightened up again at once, raising one hand to scratch his scalp furiously.

巡警,突然间,将脚一提,大家又愕然,赶紧都看他的脚;然而他又放稳了,于是又看白背心。长子忽又弯了腰,还要从垂下的草帽檐下去窥测,但即刻也就立直,擎起一只手来拼命搔头皮。

禿The bald head grew displeased, for he had first sensed some disturbance behind him, and then heard a muttering, murmuring sound close by his ear.He knit both brows and looked round, to find that close by his right side, a black hand holding half a large bun was stuffing it into the mouth of a man with a cat-like face.He said nothing more about it, and went back to looking at the white vest's new straw hat on his own.

秃头不高兴了,因为他先觉得背后有些不太平,接著耳朵边就有唧咕唧咕的声响。他双眉一锁,回头看时,紧挨他右边,有一只黑手拿著半个大馒头正在塞进一个猫脸的人的嘴里去。他也就不说什么,自去看白背心的新草帽了。

Suddenly there came a blow like a clap of thunder, so that even the broad fat man could not help staggering forward a step.At the same instant, an arm just as fat as his own stretched out over his shoulder, spread its five fingers, and landed with a smack squarely on the fat boy's cheek.

忽然,就有暴雷似的一击,连横阔的胖大汉也不免向前一跄踉。同时,从他肩膊上伸出一只胖得不相上下的臂膊来,展开五指,拍的一声正打在胖孩子的脸颊上。

"What a fine time you're having!……」Damn your mother…" said, at the same moment, an even rounder fat face, like a Maitreya Buddha's, from behind the fat man.

「好快活!你妈的……」同时,胖大汉后面就有一个弥勒佛似的更圆的胖脸这么说。

The fat boy staggered four or five steps too, but did not fall; with one hand pressed to his cheek, he spun round and tried to squeeze out through the gap by the fat man's legs.The fat man quickly steadied himself and, swinging his rear round, blocked up the gap, and demanded resentfully:

胖孩子也跄踉了四五步,但是没有倒,一手按著脸颊,旋转身,就想从胖大汉的腿旁的空隙间钻出去。胖大汉赶忙站稳,并且将屁股一歪,塞住了空隙,恨恨地问道:

?」"What?"

「什么?」

The fat boy, like a little mouse fallen into a trap, was flustered for a moment, then suddenly bolted toward the schoolboy's side, shoved him aside, and burst out through.The schoolboy too turned and followed him out.

胖孩子就像小鼠子落在捕机里似的,仓皇了一会,忽然向小学生那一面奔去,推开他,冲出去了。小学生也返身跟出去了。

……。」"Well, that child…" — a good five or six people all said something of the sort.

「吓,这孩子……。」总有五六个人都这样说。

By the time calm had returned and the fat man looked again at the white vest's face, he found the white vest was tilting his face up to look at his own chest;in a fluster he lowered his head to look at his own chest too, and saw only a film of sweat lying in the hollow between his two breasts, so he wiped it away with his palm.

待到重归平静,胖大汉再看白背心的脸的时候,却见白背心正在仰面看他的胸脯;他慌忙低头也看自己的胸脯时,只见两乳之间的洼下的坑里有一片汗,他于是用手掌拂去了这些汗。

Yet the situation seemed, on the whole, never quite to settle into calm.便The nursemaid carrying the child, having looked all about during the commotion without paying attention, let the magpie-tail-like "Suzhou coil" of hair done up on her head knock against the bridge of the nose of the rickshaw puller standing beside her.The rickshaw puller gave a push, which landed squarely on the child;the child twisted round, facing away from the circle, and began crying to go home.便使The nursemaid, too, staggered slightly at first, but at once steadied herself, turned the child round to face the white vest squarely, and pointing with one hand, said:

然而形势似乎总不甚太平了。抱著小孩的老妈子因为在骚扰时四顾,没有留意,头上梳著的喜鹊尾巴似的「苏州俏」便碰了站在旁边的车夫的鼻梁。车夫一推,却正推在孩子上;孩子就扭转身去,向著圈外,嚷著要回去了。老妈子先也略略一跄踉,但便即站定,旋转孩子来使他正对白背心,一手指点著,说道:

"Ah, ah, look!!……」Isn't it a fine sight!…"

「阿,阿,看呀!多么好看哪!……」

西退Through a gap there suddenly poked in the head of someone who looked like a student, wearing a stiff straw hat; he put something like a melon seed into his mouth, gave his jaw an upward flick, cracked it open, and withdrew.滿This spot was at once filled by an oval face, covered all over with oily sweat and caked with dust.

空隙间忽而探进一个戴硬草帽的学生模样的头来,将一粒瓜子之类似的东西放在嘴里,下颚向上一磕,咬开,退出去了。这地方就补上了一个满头油汗而粘著灰土的椭圆脸。

The tall fellow with the umbrella under his arm had by now also grown annoyed, tilting one shoulder down, and glaring with knitted brows at the dead perch behind his shoulder.The hot breath issuing from a mouth so wide open was, no doubt, not easy to bear at the best of times, let alone in the height of summer.禿仿The bald head was at that moment gazing up at the four white characters on the red sign nailed to the telegraph pole, seeming to find them quite interesting.The fat man and the policeman were both studying, out of the corners of their eyes, the sickle-like points of the nursemaid's shoes.

挟洋伞的长子也已经生气,斜下了一边的肩膊,皱眉疾视著肩后的死鲈鱼。大约从这么大的大嘴里呼出来的热气,原也不易招架的,而况又在盛夏。秃头正仰视那电杆上钉著的红牌上的四个白字,仿佛很觉得有趣。胖大汉和巡警都斜了眼研究著老妈子的钩刀般的鞋尖。

!」"Bravo!"

From somewhere, several people suddenly cheered out in unison.便Everyone sensed that something must be happening, and every head turned round at once.Even the policeman and the prisoner he was leading by the rope stirred a little.

什么地方忽有几个人同声喝采。都知道该有什么事情起来了,一切头便全数回转去。连巡警和他牵著的犯人也都有些摇动了。

"Fresh out of the steamer, buns here!……。」Ho-ah, hot ones…."

「刚出屉的包子咧!荷阿,热的……。」

Across the road, the fat boy stood with his head tilted, calling out in a long, drowsy drawl;on the road, rickshaw pullers ran on in silence, as if trying to hurry out from under the fierce sun overhead.Everyone was on the verge of disappointment, but luckily, casting their eyes about in search, they at last discovered, more than ten shopfronts away along the road, a rickshaw standing stopped, with its puller just then picking himself up.

路对面是胖孩子歪著头,磕睡似的长呼;路上是车夫们默默地前奔,似乎想赶紧逃出头上的烈日。大家都几乎失望了,幸而放出眼光去四处搜索,终于在相距十多家的路上,发见了一辆洋车停放著,一个车夫正在爬起来。

The circle broke up at once, and everyone straggled off toward it, one after another.The fat man had not gone halfway before he stopped to rest under a locust tree by the roadside;禿the tall fellow walked faster than the bald head and the oval face, and drew near.The passenger in the rickshaw was still sitting there; the puller had already gotten fully to his feet, but was still rubbing his own knee.Around them, five or six people stood watching, grinning.

圆阵立刻散开,都错错落落地走过去。胖大汉走不到一半,就歇在路边的槐树下;长子比秃头和椭圆脸走得快,接近了。车上的坐客依然坐著,车夫已经完全爬起,但还在摩自己的膝髁。周围有五六个人笑嘻嘻地看他们。

?」便"All right now?" the passenger asked, as the puller made to take up the shafts again.

「成么?」车夫要来拉车时,坐客便问。

He merely nodded, took up the rickshaw, and went on his way;and everyone watched him go with a blank, unfocused gaze.At first they could still tell which rickshaw was the one that had fallen, but afterward, mixed in among the other rickshaws, it became impossible to make out.

他只点点头,拉了车就走;大家就惘惘然目送他。起先还知道那一辆是曾经跌倒的车,后来被别的车一混,知不清了。

The road grew quiet and empty once more; a few dogs lay with their tongues hanging out, panting;the fat man, in the shade of the locust tree, watched the dogs' bellies rising and falling rapidly.

马路上就很清闲,有几只狗伸出了舌头喘气;胖大汉就在槐阴下看那很快地一起一落的狗肚皮。

The nursemaid, carrying the child, limped off along the shade beneath the eaves.——「The fat boy, head tilted, eyes narrowed to slits, drew out his voice and called drowsily — "Hot buns here!!……Ho-ah!………。」Fresh out of the steamer…."

老妈子抱了孩子从屋檐阴下蹩过去了。胖孩子歪著头,挤细了眼睛,拖长声音,磕睡地叫喊——「热的包子咧!荷阿!……刚出屉的……。」

March 18, 1925

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What it’s about

Nothing happens, at length. On a west-city street in the capital at the height of summer, a thin policeman in yellow leads a man in a white waistcoat by a rope tied to his arm and stands him against a telegraph pole. A fat boy selling steamed buns flies across the road to look; a bald old man bends to read the characters written on the waistcoat and gets as far as 嗡,都,哼,八,而 before he has to straighten up to defend his place; a schoolboy tunnels through the legs of an enormous bare-chested man; a nursemaid turns her baby round and says look, isn't it lovely. Somebody asks aloud what the man has done, and is stared at by the whole ring until he slinks away.

So the crowd studies the prisoner, and then studies itself — the shine on the bald head, the sweat pooled between the fat man's nipples, a black hand feeding half a bun into a cat-faced mouth. Then a shout of 好 goes up somewhere down the road, the ring dissolves instantly and re-forms around a rickshaw puller who has fallen and is getting to his feet; he is not hurt, so that is over too. The street empties, the dogs pant, and the bun-seller goes back to his sleepy cry. The man in the white waistcoat is never named, his offence is never stated, and nobody in the story ever asks again. What is on display is the crowd, and Lu Xun's 看客 — the onlooker who has come out to enjoy someone else's ruin — has no other portrait as pure as this one.

When it was written 背景

Written 18 March 1925 and published in 語絲 the following month. At under 3,000 characters it is the shortest piece in 彷徨 and the strangest: no plot, no protagonist, no names, only bodies in the heat. It is the concentrated form of the idea Lu Xun said turned him from medicine to writing — the lantern slide of a Chinese execution watched by a crowd of Chinese spectators, described in 吶喊's preface. For a learner it is a surprisingly good entry point, because there is nothing to keep track of and no allusion to decode; the cost is density of physical description, so a very short text carries a lot of unfamiliar nouns for clothes, body parts and street furniture.

Words in this chapter 生词