頭髮的故事 The Story of Hair

星期日的早晨，我揭去一張隔夜的日曆，向着新的那一張上看了又看的說：On Sunday morning, I tore off the previous day's calendar page, and looking again and again at the new one, said:

星期日的早晨，我揭去一张隔夜的日历，向着新的那一张上看了又看的说：

『阿，十月十日，——今天原來正是雙十節。"Ah, October tenth — so it turns out today really is Double Tenth Day.這裏卻一點沒有記載！』And yet here there's no record of it at all!"

『阿，十月十日，——今天原来正是双十节。这里却一点没有记载！』

我的一位前輩先生Ｎ，正走到我的寓裏來談閒天，一聽這話，便很不高興的對我說：My senior friend, Mr. N, had just come to my lodgings for a chat; hearing this, he said to me, quite displeased:

我的一位前辈先生Ｎ，正走到我的寓里来谈闲天，一听这话，便很不高兴的对我说：

『他們對！"They're right!他們不記得，你怎樣他；If they don't remember it, what can you do to them;你記得，又怎樣呢！』and if you do remember it, what of it!"

『他们对！他们不记得，你怎样他；你记得，又怎样呢！』

這位Ｎ先生本來脾氣有點乖張，時常生些無謂的氣，說些不通世故的話。This Mr. N's temper had always been rather odd; he often flew into pointless rages and said things quite out of touch with the ways of the world.當這時候，我大抵任他自言自語，不贊一辭；At such times I would generally leave him to talk to himself and offer no comment;他獨自發完議論，也就算了。once he had finished airing his views alone, that would be that.

这位Ｎ先生本来脾气有点乖张，时常生些无谓的气，说些不通世故的话。当这时候，我大抵任他自言自语，不赞一辞；他独自发完议论，也就算了。

他說：He said:

他说：

『我最佩服北京雙十節的情形。"What I admire most is the way things are done in Beijing on Double Tenth Day.早晨，警察到門，吩咐道「掛旗。」「是，掛旗！」各家大半嬾洋洋的踱出一個國民來，撅起一塊斑駁陸離的洋布。In the morning the police come to the door and order: 'Hang out the flag.' 'Yes, hang out the flag!' From most households, a 'citizen' saunters out half-heartedly and props up a piece of mottled, faded foreign cloth.這樣一直到夜，——收了旗關門；And so it goes on until night — then the flags are taken in and the doors shut;幾家偶然忘卻的，便掛到第二天的上午。a few households that happen to forget leave theirs hanging until the next morning.

『我最佩服北京双十节的情形。早晨，警察到门，吩咐道「挂旗。」「是，挂旗！」各家大半嬾洋洋的踱出一个国民来，撅起一块斑驳陆离的洋布。这样一直到夜，——收了旗关门；几家偶然忘却的，便挂到第二天的上午。

『他們忘卻了紀念，紀念也忘卻了他們！"They have forgotten the commemoration, and the commemoration has forgotten them!

『他们忘却了纪念，纪念也忘却了他们！

『我也是忘卻了紀念的一個人。"I too am one who has forgotten the commemoration.倘使紀念起來，那第一個雙十節前後的事，便都上我的心頭，使我坐立不穩了。If I were to commemorate it, the events surrounding that first Double Tenth would all come flooding back into my heart and leave me unable to sit or stand still.

『我也是忘却了纪念的一个人。倘使纪念起来，那第一个双十节前后的事，便都上我的心头，使我坐立不稳了。

『多少故人的臉，都浮在我眼前。"So many faces of old friends float before my eyes.幾個少年辛苦奔走了十多年，暗地裏一顆彈丸要了他的性命；A few young men, after struggling on for more than ten years, had their lives taken by a single bullet in the dark;幾個少年一擊不中，在監牢裏身受一個多月的苦刑；a few young men, failing in a single attempt, endured over a month of torture in prison;幾個少年懷着遠志，忽然蹤影全無，連屍首也不知那裏去了。——a few young men, cherishing lofty ambitions, suddenly vanished without a trace, and no one even knows where their bodies went. —

『多少故人的脸，都浮在我眼前。几个少年辛苦奔走了十多年，暗地里一颗弹丸要了他的性命；几个少年一击不中，在监牢里身受一个多月的苦刑；几个少年怀着远志，忽然踪影全无，连尸首也不知那里去了。——

『他們都在社會的冷笑惡罵迫害傾陷裏過了一生；"They all lived out their lives amid the world's cold sneers, curses, persecution, and betrayal;現在他們的墳墓也早在忘卻裏漸漸平塌下去了。and now even their graves, long sunk in oblivion, are gradually settling flat.

『他们都在社会的冷笑恶骂迫害倾陷里过了一生；现在他们的坟墓也早在忘却里渐渐平塌下去了。

『我不堪紀念這些事。"I cannot bear to commemorate these things.

『我不堪纪念这些事。

『我們還是記起一點得意的事來談談罷。』"Let's instead think of something more gratifying to talk about."

『我们还是记起一点得意的事来谈谈罢。』

Ｎ忽然現出笑容，伸手在自己頭上一摸，高聲說：N suddenly broke into a smile, reached up and rubbed his own head, and said loudly:

Ｎ忽然现出笑容，伸手在自己头上一摸，高声说：

『我最得意的是自從第一個雙十節以後，我在路上走不再被人笑罵了。"What pleases me most is that, ever since that first Double Tenth, I've no longer been laughed at and cursed on the street.

『我最得意的是自从第一个双十节以后，我在路上走不再被人笑骂了。

『老兄，你可知道頭髮是我們中國人的寶貝和冤家，古今來多少人在這上頭喫些毫無價值的苦呵！"Old fellow, do you know that hair is both the treasure and the bane of us Chinese, and how many people through the ages have suffered utterly worthless torments over it!

『老兄，你可知道头发是我们中国人的宝贝和冤家，古今来多少人在这上头吃些毫无价值的苦呵！

『我們的很古的古人，對於頭髮似乎也還看輕。"Our forebears of very ancient times seem to have thought rather little of hair.據刑法看來，最要緊的自然是腦袋，所以大辟是上刑；Judging from the penal code, what mattered most was of course the head, so beheading was the gravest punishment;次要便是生殖器了，所以宮刑和幽閉也是一件嚇人的罰；next came the genitals, so castration and confinement were likewise fearsome penalties;至於髡，那是微乎其微了；as for shaving the head, that was a trifling thing indeed;然而推想起來，正不知道曾有多少人們因爲光着頭皮便被社會踐踏了一生世。and yet, thinking it over, there's no telling how many people, simply for baring their scalps, were trampled by society for the rest of their lives.

『我们的很古的古人，对于头发似乎也还看轻。据刑法看来，最要紧的自然是脑袋，所以大辟是上刑；次要便是生殖器了，所以宫刑和幽闭也是一件吓人的罚；至于髡，那是微乎其微了；然而推想起来，正不知道曾有多少人们因为光着头皮便被社会践踏了一生世。

『我們講革命的時，候，大談什麽揚州十日，嘉定屠城，其實也不過一種手段；"When we speak of the revolution, we make much talk of things like the Ten Days at Yangzhou or the massacre at Jiading, but really these were only a means to an end;老實說：那時中國人的反抗，何嘗因爲亡國，只是因爲拖辮子。to be honest, the resistance of the Chinese people back then was never really about the fall of the nation — it was only about the pigtail.

『我们讲革命的时，候，大谈什么扬州十日，嘉定屠城，其实也不过一种手段；老实说：那时中国人的反抗，何尝因为亡国，只是因为拖辫子。

『頑民殺盡了，遺老都壽終了，辮子早留定了，洪、楊又鬧起來了。"Once the stubborn subjects had all been killed off and the old loyalists had all died out, and the pigtail had long since become fixed custom, the Hong and Yang rebellion broke out again.我的祖母曾對我說，那時做百姓纔難哩，全留着頭髮的被官兵殺，還是辮子的便被長毛殺！My grandmother once told me that being a commoner in those days was hardest of all — those who kept their hair whole were killed by the government troops, while those who wore the pigtail were killed by the Long-Haired Rebels!

『顽民杀尽了，遗老都寿终了，辫子早留定了，洪、杨又闹起来了。我的祖母曾对我说，那时做百姓才难哩，全留着头发的被官兵杀，还是辫子的便被长毛杀！

『我不知道有多少中國人只因爲這不痛不癢的頭髮而喫苦，受難，滅亡。』"I don't know how many Chinese have suffered, endured hardship, and perished, all because of this hair that neither aches nor itches."

『我不知道有多少中国人只因为这不痛不痒的头发而吃苦，受难，灭亡。』

Ｎ兩眼望着屋梁，似乎想些事，仍然說：N gazed up at the roof-beam, seeming to be turning something over in his mind, and went on:

Ｎ两眼望着屋梁，似乎想些事，仍然说：

『誰知道頭髮的苦輪到我了。"Who would have thought that the suffering of hair would come round to me as well.

『谁知道头发的苦轮到我了。

『我出去留學，便剪掉了辮子，這並沒有別的奧妙，只爲他太不便當罷了。"When I went abroad to study, I cut off my pigtail — there was no great mystery in it, only that it was too much of a nuisance.不料有幾位辮子盤在頭頂上的同學們便很厭惡我，監督也大怒，說要停了我的官費，送回中國去。Unexpectedly, a few classmates who wore their pigtails coiled atop their heads took a great dislike to me for it, and the supervisor flew into a rage, saying he would cut off my government stipend and send me back to China.

『我出去留学，便剪掉了辫子，这并没有别的奥妙，只为他太不便当罢了。不料有几位辫子盘在头顶上的同学们便很厌恶我，监督也大怒，说要停了我的官费，送回中国去。

『不幾天，這位監督卻自己被人剪去辮子逃走了。"Not many days later, this same supervisor had his own pigtail cut off by someone and fled.去剪的人們裏面，一個便是做革命軍的鄒容，這人也因此不能再留學，回到上海來，後來死在西牢裏。Among those who did the cutting was one Zou Rong, who later joined the revolutionary army; because of this he too could no longer continue studying abroad, and returned to Shanghai, where he later died in a foreign prison.你也早已忘卻了罷？You've probably long forgotten that too, haven't you?

『不几天，这位监督却自己被人剪去辫子逃走了。去剪的人们里面，一个便是做革命军的邹容，这人也因此不能再留学，回到上海来，后来死在西牢里。你也早已忘却了罢？

『過了幾年，我的家景大不如前了，非謀點事做便要受餓，只得也回到中國來。"A few years later, my family's fortunes had declined a great deal from before; unless I found some work to do I would go hungry, so I had no choice but to return to China as well.我一到上海，便買定一條假辮子，那時是二元的市價，帶着回家。As soon as I reached Shanghai, I went and bought a false pigtail — the going price then was two silver dollars — and brought it home with me.我的母親倒也不說什麽，然而旁人一見面，便都首先研究這辮子，待到知道是假，就一聲冷笑，將我擬爲殺頭的罪名；My mother, for her part, said nothing about it, but whenever others met me, the first thing they did was examine this pigtail, and once they found out it was false, they would give a cold sneer and brand me, in effect, guilty of a capital crime;有一位本家，還豫備去告官，但後來因爲恐怕革命黨的造反或者要成功，這纔中止了。one member of the clan even made ready to report me to the authorities, but later, fearing that the revolutionary party's uprising might actually succeed, he let the matter drop.

『过了几年，我的家景大不如前了，非谋点事做便要受饿，只得也回到中国来。我一到上海，便买定一条假辫子，那时是二元的市价，带着回家。我的母亲倒也不说什么，然而旁人一见面，便都首先研究这辫子，待到知道是假，就一声冷笑，将我拟为杀头的罪名；有一位本家，还豫备去告官，但后来因为恐怕革命党的造反或者要成功，这才中止了。

『我想，假的不如眞的直截爽快，我便索性廢了假辮子，穿着西裝在街上走。"I thought a false one was not so straightforward as a real one, so I simply did away with the false pigtail altogether and walked the streets in Western clothes.

『我想，假的不如真的直截爽快，我便索性废了假辫子，穿着西装在街上走。

『一路走去，一路便是笑罵的聲音，有的還跟在後面罵：「這冒失鬼！」「假洋鬼子！」"Wherever I went, mocking and cursing followed me; some even trailed behind shouting, 'That reckless wretch!' 'Fake foreign devil!'

『一路走去，一路便是笑骂的声音，有的还跟在后面骂：「这冒失鬼！」「假洋鬼子！」

『我於是不穿洋服了，改了大衫，他們罵得更厲害。"So then I stopped wearing foreign clothes and changed into a long gown instead, and they cursed me all the more fiercely.

『我于是不穿洋服了，改了大衫，他们骂得更厉害。

『在這日暮途窮的時候，我的手裏纔添出一支手杖來，拚命的打了幾回，他們漸漸的不罵了。"At this point, with my road running out, I finally took up a walking stick, and after using it desperately a few times, they gradually stopped cursing me.只是走到沒有打過的生地方還是罵。Only when I walked into some unfamiliar place where I hadn't yet used it did they still curse me.

『在这日暮途穷的时候，我的手里才添出一支手杖来，拼命的打了几回，他们渐渐的不骂了。只是走到没有打过的生地方还是骂。

『這件事很使我悲哀，至今還時時記得哩。"This affair grieved me a great deal, and I still remember it often to this day.我在留學的時候，曾經看見日報上登載一個游歷南洋和中國的本多博士的事；While I was studying abroad, I once saw in a newspaper an account of a Dr. Honda who was traveling through the South Seas and China;這位博士是不懂中國和馬來語的，人問他，你不懂話，怎麽走路呢？this doctor understood neither Chinese nor Malay, and when people asked him, 'If you don't understand the language, how do you get around?'他拿起手杖來說，這便是他們的話，他們都懂！he raised his walking stick and said, this is their language — they all understand it!我因此氣憤了好幾天，誰知道我竟不知不覺的自己也做了，而且那些人都懂了。……This made me indignant for days on end; who would have thought that, before I knew it, I myself had ended up doing the very same thing, and that those people understood it too.…

『这件事很使我悲哀，至今还时时记得哩。我在留学的时候，曾经看见日报上登载一个游历南洋和中国的本多博士的事；这位博士是不懂中国和马来语的，人问他，你不懂话，怎么走路呢？他拿起手杖来说，这便是他们的话，他们都懂！我因此气愤了好几天，谁知道我竟不知不觉的自己也做了，而且那些人都懂了。……

『宣統初年，我在本地的中學校做監學，同事是避之惟恐不遠，官僚是防之惟恐不嚴，我終日如坐在冰窖子裏，如站在刑場旁邊，其實並非別的，只因爲缺少了一條辮子！"In the first year of the Xuantong reign, I served as the discipline supervisor at a middle school in my hometown; my colleagues shunned me as though I carried a plague, and the officials guarded against me as though against the gravest danger — I passed my days as if sitting in an ice cellar, as if standing beside an execution ground, and in truth for no other reason than that I lacked a pigtail!

『宣统初年，我在本地的中学校做监学，同事是避之惟恐不远，官僚是防之惟恐不严，我终日如坐在冰窖子里，如站在刑场旁边，其实并非别的，只因为缺少了一条辫子！

『有一日，幾個學生忽然走到我的房裏來，說：「先生，我們要剪辮子了。」我說，「不行！」「有辮子好呢，沒有辮子好呢？」「沒有辮子好……」「你怎麽說不行呢？」「犯不上，你們還是不剪上算，——等一等罷。」他們不說什麽，撅着嘴唇走出房去；"One day a few students suddenly came into my room and said, 'Sir, we want to cut off our pigtails.' I said, 'No!' 'Is it better to have a pigtail, or better not to?' 'Better not to…' 'Then why do you say no?' 'It isn't worth it — you'd best not cut them, for now; wait a while.' They said nothing more, and walked out of the room with their lips pursed;然而終於剪掉了。but in the end they cut them off all the same.

『有一日，几个学生忽然走到我的房里来，说：「先生，我们要剪辫子了。」我说，「不行！」「有辫子好呢，没有辫子好呢？」「没有辫子好……」「你怎么说不行呢？」「犯不上，你们还是不剪上算，——等一等罢。」他们不说什么，撅着嘴唇走出房去；然而终于剪掉了。

『呵！"Ah!不得了了，人言嘖嘖了；There was no end of the talk;我卻只裝作不知道，一任他們光着頭皮，和許多辮子一齊上講堂。but I simply pretended not to know, and let them go bare-headed, together with all the pigtailed ones, up to the lecture hall.

『呵！不得了了，人言啧啧了；我却只装作不知道，一任他们光着头皮，和许多辫子一齐上讲堂。

『然而這剪辮病傳染了；"But this pigtail-cutting sickness proved contagious;第三天，師範學堂的學生忽然也剪下了六條辮子，晚上便開除了六個學生。on the third day, students at the normal school suddenly cut off six pigtails between them, and that evening six students were expelled.這六個人，留校不能，回家不得，一直挨到第一個雙十節之後又一個多月，纔消去了犯罪的火烙印。These six could neither stay on at the school nor return home, and dragged on like this until over a month after that first Double Tenth had passed, before the brand of their 'crime' was finally erased.

『然而这剪辫病传染了；第三天，师范学堂的学生忽然也剪下了六条辫子，晚上便开除了六个学生。这六个人，留校不能，回家不得，一直挨到第一个双十节之后又一个多月，才消去了犯罪的火烙印。

『我呢？"And I?也一樣，只是元年冬天到北京，還被人罵過幾次，後來罵我的人也被警察剪去了辮子，我就不再被人辱罵了；Much the same — only, in the winter of the first year of the Republic, when I went to Beijing, I was still cursed a few times; later the ones who cursed me had their own pigtails cut off by the police, and after that I was no longer reviled;但我沒有到鄉間去。』but I never did go out to the countryside."

『我呢？也一样，只是元年冬天到北京，还被人骂过几次，后来骂我的人也被警察剪去了辫子，我就不再被人辱骂了；但我没有到乡间去。』

Ｎ顯出非常得意模樣，忽而又沉下臉來：N looked exceedingly pleased with himself, then all at once his face fell:

Ｎ显出非常得意模样，忽而又沉下脸来：

『現在你們這些理想家，又在那裏嚷什麽女子剪髮了，又要造出許多毫無所得而痛苦的人！"Now you idealists are making another clamor about women cutting their hair, and are about to produce a great many people who will gain nothing from it but suffering!

『现在你们这些理想家，又在那里嚷什么女子剪发了，又要造出许多毫无所得而痛苦的人！

『現在不是已經有剪掉頭髮的女人，因此考不進學校去，或者被學校除了名麽？"Isn't it already the case that there are women who have cut off their hair, and because of it cannot get into school, or have been expelled from school?

『现在不是已经有剪掉头发的女人，因此考不进学校去，或者被学校除了名么？

『改革麽，武器在那里？"Reform, you say — where are the weapons?工讀麽，工廠在那里？Work-study, you say — where are the factories?

『改革么，武器在那里？工读么，工厂在那里？

『仍然留起，嫁給人家做媳婦去：忘卻了一切還是幸福，倘使伊記着些平等自由的話便要苦痛一生世！』"Better to leave it grown, and go and marry into some family as a wife: to forget everything is still happiness — if she keeps talk of equality and freedom in mind, she will suffer for it her whole life!"

『仍然留起，嫁给人家做媳妇去：忘却了一切还是幸福，倘使伊记着些平等自由的话便要苦痛一生世！』

『我要借了阿爾志跋綏夫的話問你們：你們將黃金時代的出現豫約給這些人們的子孫了，但有什麽給這些人們自己呢？"I want to borrow Artsybashev's words and ask you: you promise the coming of a golden age to the descendants of these people, but what do you give to the people themselves?

『我要借了阿尔志跋绥夫的话问你们：你们将黄金时代的出现豫约给这些人们的子孙了，但有什么给这些人们自己呢？

『阿，造物的皮鞭沒有到中國的脊梁上時，中國便永遠是這一樣的中國，決不肯自己改變一枝毫毛！"Ah, so long as the whip of the Creator has not yet fallen upon China's own spine, China will remain forever this same China, and will never of its own accord consent to change so much as a single hair!

『阿，造物的皮鞭没有到中国的脊梁上时，中国便永远是这一样的中国，决不肯自己改变一枝毫毛！

『你們的嘴裏既然並無毒牙，何以偏要在額上貼起「蝮蛇」兩個大字，引乞丐來打殺？……』"Since there is no venomous fang in your mouths, why must you go and paste the two words 'VIPER' upon your foreheads, only to draw beggars in to beat you to death?…"

『你们的嘴里既然并无毒牙，何以偏要在额上贴起「蝮蛇」两个大字，引乞丐来打杀？……』

Ｎ愈說愈離奇了，但一見到我不很願聽的神情，便立刻閉了口，站起來取帽子。N grew more and more far-fetched the more he talked, but the moment he caught my look of not much wanting to listen, he shut his mouth at once, stood up, and reached for his hat.

Ｎ愈说愈离奇了，但一见到我不很愿听的神情，便立刻闭了口，站起来取帽子。

我說，『回去麽？』I said, "Are you going?"

我说，『回去么？』

他答道，『是的，天要下雨了。』He answered, "Yes, it's going to rain."

我默默的送他到門口。I saw him to the door in silence.

我默默的送他到门口。

他戴上帽子說：Putting on his hat, he said:

他戴上帽子说：

『再見！"Goodbye!請你恕我打攪，好在明天便不是雙十節，我們統可以忘卻了。』Forgive me for intruding — luckily tomorrow will no longer be Double Tenth Day, and we can all just forget about it."

『再见！请你恕我打搅，好在明天便不是双十节，我们统可以忘却了。』

（一九二〇年十月。）(October, 1920.)

据《中华人民共和国著作权法释义》，法人作品应满足三点要求：（1）由法人（或其他组织，以下简称“法人”）主持创作，而非工作人员自发进行；（2）创作思想及表达方式体现法人意志；（3）由法人负责，而非执笔者。（详情）According to the Interpretation of the Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China, a work-for-hire by a legal person must meet three requirements: (1) it is created under the direction of the legal person (or other organization, hereinafter "legal person"), rather than initiated spontaneously by staff; (2) its creative intent and mode of expression embody the will of the legal person; (3) responsibility for it is borne by the legal person, not by the actual writer. (See the source for details.)

鲁迅《头发的故事》最初发表于1920年10月10日上海《时事新报·学灯》。《鲁迅全集》由鲁迅先生纪念委员会编印于1938年。Lu Xun's "The Story of Hair" was first published on October 10, 1920, in the "Study Lamp" supplement of the Shanghai Current Affairs New Report. The Complete Works of Lu Xun was compiled and printed in 1938 by the Lu Xun Memorial Committee.